I. Прочитайте и переведите письменно текст.

 

WOMEN START BUSINESSES

TO ESCAPE “GLASS CEILING”

 

A study of 650 women showed that a great number of women business owners in the United States take the risky step of starting a business because they run into a “glass ceiling” – an invisible barrier to advancement in their work.

Women coming from the corporate world are particularly frustrated. Many of them say that their employers didn’t take them seriously or value them. Nearly 60% of women who had come from corporations said nothing would make them return, including more money.

The research shows the reasons for the great growth in the country’s 8 million women-owned businesses, which now account for one-third of US firms. Women-owned businesses are being created at twice the rate of all businesses. Nearly half of women business owners started their companies because they had a winning business idea or they wanted to turn their skills into business.

Helen Hodges, a Houston-based entrepreneur since 1999, said she left the corporate world because she didn’t feel that she would get very far at the large company where she worked. “I felt the politics were too much against me”, said Hodges, who now owns Separation Systems Consultants, a small firm doing business in waste disposal. “If you want to get where you want to go, do it the way it works”.

Women also want more flexibility when they leave the corporate world. Half of women business owners who came from the private sector named a desire for more flexibility as a major reason for starting their own business.

 

Женщины начинают бизнес, чтобы избежать барьера при продвижении по службе.

 

Опрос 650 женщин показал, что большинство женщин в Соединенных Штатах, владеющих бизнесом, делают рискованный шаг, начиная бизнес, потому что они попадают в «стеклянный потолок» — невидимый барьер для продвижения по службе.

Женщины из корпоративного мира особенно разочарованы. Многие из них говорят, что их работодатели не принимали их всерьез или не ценили их. Около 60% женщин, которые пришли из корпораций сказали, что ничего не смогло бы заставить их вернуться туда снова, в том числе большие деньги.

Исследование показывает, что причиной большого роста являются 8 миллионов бизнесов, принадлежащих женщинам, что составляет треть американских фирм. Бизнес, принадлежащий женщинам, создаются в два раза быстрее всех предприятий. Почти половина владелиц бизнеса создали свои компании, потому что у них была выигрышная бизнес-идея или они хотели попробовать свои навыки в бизнесе.

Хелен Ходжс, предприниматель в Хьюстоне с 1999 года, сказала, что она ушла из корпоративного мира, потому что она не чувствовала, что она далеко не пойдет в крупной компании, где она работала. «Я чувствовал, что политика была слишком против меня», сказала Ходжес, которая в настоящее время владеет Separation Systems Consultants, небольшой фирмой, которая ведет бизнес по утилизации отходов. «Если вы хотите попасть туда, куда вы хотите поехать, делайте это так, как будто это работает».

Кроме того, женщины хотят больше гибкости, когда они покидают корпоративный мир. Половина владелиц бизнеса, которые пришли из частного сектора, назвали желание большей гибкости в качестве одной из основных причин начать свой собственный бизнес.

 

1. II. Напишите вопросы к следующим ответам.
2. Why do a great number of women business owners in the United States take the risky step of starting a business?

They do it because they run into a “glass ceiling”.

2. What is a glass ceiling?

It is an invisible barrier to advancement in their work.

3. What are the women coming from the corporate world?

Women coming from the corporate world are particularly frustrated.

4. What do they say?

They say that their employers didn’t take them seriously or value them.

5. Why did they start their companies?

They started their companies because they had a winning business idea or they turn their skills into business.

6. What is Separation Systems Consultants?

It is a firm doing business in waste disposal.

7. What do they want when they leave the corporate world?

They also want more flexibility when they leave the corporate world.

 

   III. Дополните эти комбинации слов глаголами. Все они встречаются в тексте.

 

1) to take the risky step of starting a business

• to run into a “glass ceiling”
• to come from the corporate world
• to start a company
• to turn the skills into business
• to leave the corporate world
• to do business in waste disposal

 

1. IV. Переведите на английский язык.

• Адам Смит говорил о «невидимой» руке рынка, имея в виду, что рынок обладает способностью саморегуляции.
• До сих пор ученые обсуждают вопрос о том, можно ли было избежать финансового кризиса 1998 года в России.
• Фирмы, которыми руководят женщины, составляют третью часть всех американских компаний.
• «Стеклянный потолок» — это невидимый барьер для продвижения на работе.
• Женщины, приходящие из корпоративного мира, особенно разочарованы. Они говорят, что их работодатели не принимают их всерьез и не ценят.

1) Adam Smith spoke about the «invisible» hand of the market, meaning that the market has the ability for self-regulation.

2) Until now scientists are discussing the question whether it has been possible to avoid the financial crisis in 1998 in Russia.

3) Firms run by women compose a third of all US companies.

4) A «glass ceiling» is an invisible barrier to advancement at work.

5) The women coming from the corporate world are particularly frustrated. They say that their employers do not take them seriously or value them

 

1. V. Прочитайте текст и выполните задания к нему.

 

NOBEL LAUREATES COLLECT THEIR PRICES

 

The first Nobel prizes of the new millennium were awarded at ceremonies in Stockholm on Sunday. King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden awarded the prizes for sciences, economics and literature to 12 laureates.

The prizes, founded in the will of Sweden industrialist Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, are each worth nine million Sweden crowns this year ($929,300).

The laureates received their prizes at a traditional ceremony in Stockholm’s Concert Hall, attended by 1,800 people. They later took part in the Nobel banquet, a glittering climax to the year’s Nobel festivities, attended by 1,373 guests in Stockholm’s City Hall.

The scientists who laid the foundation of the computer revolution and pioneered plastics that can conduct electricity won the physics and chemistry prizes. Their work paved the way for computers, compact disks and mobile phones without which modern life is unimaginable. And true to form, a mobile phone rang out loudly during the speech praising the three physics laureates, Jack Kilby and Herbert Kroemer of the United States and St. Petersburg’s Zhores Alfyorov.

Alfyorov noted in his acceptance speech that physics had brought both benefits and disasters to mankind in the 20^th century and warned that mass media could be abused in the wrong hands.

 

 Скажите, соответствуют ли данные утверждения содержанию текста.

 

• The first Nobel prizes of the new millennium were awarded at ceremonies in Stockholm on Sunday at the end of December. True.
• The Nobel Prizes were awarded by King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden. True.
• The Nobel Prizes were first awarded to the inventor of dynamite. False.
• Twelve laureates were awarded the prizes for sciences, economics and literature.True.
• The Nobel banquet in Stockholm’s City Hall was attended by 1,800 guests. True.
• There were the physics laureates. False.
• Zhores Alfyorov from St. Petersburg received the chemistry prize. False.
• Alfyorov said that physics had brought both benefits and disasters to mankind.
• The physics laureates were all from the United States. False.

 

1. Выберите суффикс, который придает прилагательному противоположное значение.

 

• relevant experience

 

1. a) dis- b) in— c) ir-

 

• complete CV

 

1. a) in— b) im- c) un-

 

• fair decision

 

1. a) un— b) dis- c) in-

 

• popular manager

 

1. a) dis- b) un— c) im-

 

• responsible worker

 

1. a) ir— b) un- c) in-

 

• expected promotion

 

1. a) ir- b) un— c)in-

 

• legal procedure

 

1. a) un- b) il—                       c) dis-

 

• honest character

 

1. a) dis— b) in- c) un-

 

• competent engineer

 

1. a) dis- b) un- c) in—

 

10) logical argument

 

1. a) in- b) un-                      c) il—

 

 

• Вставьте модальные глаголы must, should, have to или to be to в нужной форме.

 

1. The company should advertise the new product to attract more buyers.
2. The firm must provide quality certificates for all its goods.
3. The government must stimulate the production of necessities and it should prevent the increase in prices.
4. The company must pay taxes on its profits.
5. The new government policy is to ensure more jobs for population.
6. The trade policy of the Japanese government in the 1950s had to ensure rapid economic growth.

 

VIII.  Раскрыв скобки, употребите глагол в форме страдательного залога простого настоящего времени.

 

1. The goods are sold (to sell) at a high price.
2. English is taught (to teach) at schools and universities.
3. The method is used (to use) in processing milk.
4. Goods for consumers are provided (to provide) by industry and agriculture.
5. Workers are employed (to employ) by firms.
6. Medicine isn’t studied (not/to study) by school students but economics is studied (to study) at school.
7. I am asked (to ask) to help my grandmother in the garden.
8. We aren’t taught (not/to teach) music at University.