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1. What is the most official name of the UK? The most official name oft he UK is theUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
2. What industries were developed in England in the past? In the past in England were developed textiles, coal and heavy machinery.
3. What industries are developed in the UK at present? Heavy and light industry, chemical, aircraft, electrical, automobile and many other industries are developed in the UK now.
4. How many states does the USA consist of? The USA consists of 50 states.
5. What are the most biggest cities of the USA? The most biggest cities in the USA are New York, Washington, Los Angeles.
6. What is the most common type of company in the UK? The most common type of company in the United Kingdom is the limited liability company.
7. What forms of business in the USA do you know? I know individual business, general partnership, individual businesses, general partnerships, foreign corporations, limited partnerships, charters and certificates.
8. How many directors can a private company have? And what about a public company? A private company can have one director. A public company can have many directors.
9. Is there a rule about making appointments? Or can a businessman come to see another businessman without an appointment? There is a rule about making appointments. You should make an appointment by calling or by email. When making an appointment you should give the person your name and the reason for wanting an appointment. You should also ask the amount of time the appointment will take and if you should expect a wait time prior to the appointment.

• What should you do when you are eager to get a job? When you are eager to get a job, it is necessary to fill in a resume (USA) or a Curriculum vitae (UK) or a standard printed application form.
• With what formal letters do business transactions usually start? Any businesstransactionusually starts with an enquiry.
• What information do offers usually give? Offers usually state the terms of order.
• What terms of delivery do you know? I know FCA, FAS, FOB, CFR, CIF.
• What terms of payment are practised in foreign trade? Letter of credit, cash in advance, confired irrevocable credit, unconfirmed irrevocable credit, sight draft.

15. What information do contracts usually contain? Contracts usually contain the following information: date of the contract, place or city, reference number, names of the buyer and the seller, description of the goods, price and the total value, terms of delivery, terms of payment, etc

• What is the difference between clean and dirty bills of lading? A clean bill of ladingis a type of ocean bill of lading. It is a transport document that indicates that the goods received in the vessel are in good condition and free from any defect. A bill of lading carrying a clause or endorsement by the master or mate of the ship on which goods are carried to the effect that the goods (or their packing) arrived for loading in a damaged condition.

Занятие 21 Повторение материала. Проверочная работа.

Повторение материала. Проверочная работа.

Ex. 1 Перепишите следующие предложе­ния, добавляя слова, данные в скобках. Замени­те модальный глагол can (could) выражением to be able to, где это необходимо.

1. I will be able to give you my book for a couple of days after I have read it. 2. He has been able to ski for ten years. 3. We knew that she has been able to swim since a child. 4. You will not be able to take part in this serious sport compe­tition until you have mastered good skills. 5. I was not able to not solve the problem before he explained it to me. 6. They will not be never able to appreciate your kind­ness. 7. I was sure you had been able to translate that article after you had translated so many texts on phys­ics. 8. You will have been able to go to the country when you have passed your last examination. 9. We will be able to pass to the next exercise when we have done this one.

Ex. 2 Вставьте модальные глаголы may или can.

1. You may come in when you have taken off your boots. 2. Be careful: you can spill the milk if you carry it like that. 3. Most children can slide on the ice very well. 4. I don’t think I can be here by elev­en o’clock tomorrow, but I may be. 5. Can you see anything in this inky darkness? 6. You may go when you have finished your compositions. 7. What shall we do if the train is late? It can be late, you know, after the terrible snowstorms we’ve had. 8. When can you come arid see me? — Let me see: I can not come tomorrow, for I must be at the meeting, but on Sunday I’ll find time. Yes, you can expect me on Sunday about three o’clock. Will that be all right?

Ex. 3 Вставьте модальные глаголы may (might) или can (could).

1. May I use your pen? 2. Can I find a pen on that table? 3. You can read this book: you know the lan­guage well enough. 4. You may take this book: I don’t need it. 5 Can I help you? 6. May I ask you to help me? 7. Can you help me? 8. I can not imagine her speaking in public: I knew that she was so shy. 9. Something was wrong with the car: he could not start it. 10. A fool can ask more questions than a wise man can answer. 11. She asked me if she might use my telephone. 12. The school was silent: noth­ing could be heard in the long dark corridors. 13. Waiting can be endless, you know. 14. Can you tell me the nearest way to the city museum? 15. can … think that I am too weak to take part in the excursion, but I am strong enough to do any kind of hard work, indeed. 16. He knew this period of history very well: he had read everything on the subject he could find in the rich university library.

Ex. 4 Переведите на английский язык, употребляя модальные глаголы must, may или сап.

1. Он сейчас должен быть в своем кабинете. Вы можете поговорить с ним. 2. Можно войти? —- Пожалуйста. 3. Вы должны прочитать этот текст. 4. Может ли он выполнить это задание? 5. Можно мне взять вашу книгу? 6. На уроке английского языка вы должны говорить только по-английски. 7. Мы должны сегодня сдать тет­ради? 8. Можно мне задать вам вопрос? — По­жалуйста. 9. Я не могу пойти о вами в кино, так как я очень занят. 10. Можно здесь курить? — Пожалуйста.
2. He must be in his office now. You can talk to him. 2. May I enter? – You are welcome. 3. You must read this text. 4. Can he do this task? 5. May I borrow your book? 6. In an English lesson, you must speak only English. 7. Should we give our notebooks today? 8. May I ask you a question? – You are welcome. 9. I cannot go to the cinema with you, as I am very busy. 10. May I smoke here? – Yes.

Ex. 5 Заполните пропуски модальными глаголами can, may или must.

1. What can we see on this map? 2. Can you speak Spanish? — No, unfortunately I can’t. 3. At what time must you come to school? 4. May I come in? 5. You must not smoke here. 6. May I take your book?   — I am afraid not: I need it. 7. He can not speak English yet. 8. I have very little time: I must go. 9. They can not go to the park today because they are busy. 10. You can read this text: it is easy enough

Ex. 6 Вставьте модальные глаголы can, may, must или need.

1. I can not go out today: it is too cold. 2. May I take your pen? — Yes, please. 3. We can not carry the bookcase upstairs: it is too heavy. 4. We can not carry the bookcase upstairs ourselves: the workers will come and do it. 5. When can you come to see us? — I can come only on Sunday. 6. Shall I write a letter to him? — No, you can not, it is not neces­sary. 7. Can you cut something without a knife? 8. Peter must return the book to the library. We all want to read it. 9. Why can not you understand it? It is so easy. 10. Can we do the exercise at once? Yes, you        do it at once.  11Can you pronounce this sound? 12. You need not have bought this meat-we have everything for dinner.

Ex. 7 Дополните предложения модальными глаголами can/can’t, must/mustn’t, needn’t, have to:

1 A:    Is Jason at work today?
B:    He can’t be. His car isn’t in the car park.

2 A:    I can’t do my German homework. It’s too difficult.
B:    I’ll help you. I can speak German.

3 A:    I’m going to watch television.
B:    Alright, but you mustn’t stay up too late.

4 A:    We have to book a taxi to take us to the airport.
B:    I’ll do it now.

5 A:    I didn’t know Rachel was in the choir.
B:    Oh yes. She could sing beautifully.

6 A:    Shall I cook dinner tonight?
B:    No, you needn’t. We’re going to a restaurant.

7 A:    Has Tim bought a car yet?
B:    He must have. I saw him on the bus yesterday.

8 A:    She must be very rich.
B:    Yes. She’s got a huge house and an expensive car.

9 A:    I did the washing-up for you.
B:    Oh, you needn’t have, but it was kind of you.

10 A:    Would you like to come to my party on Saturday night?
B:    I’d like to, but Mum says I must visit my grandparents.