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I. Перепишите предложения, раскрывая скобки и употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени

1. When I went out into the garden, the sun (to shine) and birds (to sing) in the trees.

2. When I (to come) home, my sister was reading.

3. Father (to come) home at 7 o’clock yesterday.

4. When we came to the station, the train already (to leave).

5. I (to see) Pete today.

II. Употребите следующие предложения как придаточные дополнительные, в роли главных используя предложения, данные в скобках. Сдвигайте времена в соответствии с правилом согласования времен

1. He is painting a new picture. (We heard)

2. His new picture will be a masterpiece. (We were sure)

3. You will fall and break your leg. (I was afraid)

4. My friend has never been to Washington. (I knew)

5. She never drinks milk. (I was told)

III. Переведите на английский язык, передав предложения в косвенной речи

1. «Почему наша команда проиграла игру?» — спросила Вера.

2. «Куда ты положила мою книгу, Мери?» — спросил Том.

3. «Я очень счастлив!» — сказал Фред.

4. «Кого вы ждете?» — спросил учитель.

5. «Не бери книги с моего стола, пожалуйста», — сказала Лена мне.

IV. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя подходящие по смыслу модальные глаголы

1. Можете сегодня туда пойти.

2. Можете не переписывать сочинение.

3. Можете остаться: ведь у вас есть время.

4. Можете остаться, если хотите.

5. Я не могу взять эту книгу.

V. Переведите текст письменно на русский язык

Labour

Labour is human effort — physical and mental — which is directed to the production of goods and services. But labour is not only a factor of production, it is also the reason why economic activity takes place. The people who take part in production are also consumers, the sum of whose individual demands provides the business person with the incentive to undertake production. For this reason when we are considering real-world economic problems it is necessary to treat labour somewhat differently from the other factors. There are social and political problems which have to be taken into account. For example, the question of how many hours per day a machine should be operated will be judged solely in terms of efficiency, output, and costs. The same question applied to labour would raise additional considerations of individual freedom and human rights. It must be borne in mind that it is the services of labour which are bought and sold, and not labour itself. The firm cannot buy and own labour in the same way that capital and land can be bought and owned.

The supply of labour available to an economy is not the same thing as the number of people in that community. The labour supply is a measure of the number of hours of work which is offered at given wages over some given period of time. It is determined, therefore, by the number of workers and the average number of hours each worker is prepared to offer. Both of these features are subject to change and, at any moment of time, they will depend upon a number of things.

1. The size of the total population. This is obviously very important because the size of the total population sets an upper limit to the supply of labour.

2. The age composition of the population. The age composition of a population takes accounts of the proportions in the different age groups.

3. The working population. In many countries the minimum age at which a person may engage in full-time employment is legally controlled. The working population may be defined as the number of people who are eligible for work and offer themselves for employment.

4. The working week and holidays. The number of people who work (or are available for work) is an important determinant of the supply of labour, but so is the average number of hours each person works.