Part A. Grammar focus

Exercise 1.              Choose a verb from the list and complete the text and put the verbs into Present Continuous.

read, sleep, eat, sail, cry, drink, run, sing, play, fish, sit

Laura 1) is sitting under a sunshade. Two boys 2) are sleeping round a sandcastle while their father 3) is reading a newspaper. Tom 4) is drinking Coke. Two girls 5) are eating ice-cream while their mother 6) is singing along with the radio. Some boys 7) are playing football near a man who 8) is fishing. Jim 9) is sailing on his right a baby 10) is crying. Some people 11) are running past the beach.

Exercise 2.          Put the verbs in brackets into Present Simple or Present Continuous.

Chris is asking Kim about her holiday arrangements.

1) Where are you going?                                                                      (go)

2) How do you get there?                                                  (get)

3) What time does the plane leave?                                        (leave)

4) When does it arrive in Cairo?                                                  (arrive)

5) Where do you stay when you get there?                    (stay)

6) Why do you want to go there?                                        (want)

7) Do you take a camera with you?                                        (take)

Exercise 3.          Put the verbs in brackets into Present Simple or Present Continuous.

It 1) is (be) winter and the snow 2) is falling (fall). It usually 3) snows (snow) in January here. Betty and James 4) are playing (play) in the garden. They 5) are building (build) a snowman and they 6) are throwing (throw) snowballs. They 7) like (like) the snow very much! Their mother and father 8) do not like (not/like) it. They always 9) stay (stay) in the house when it is cold. Mother usually 10) watches (watch) TV and Father 11) listens (listen) to the radio or 12) reads (read) a book. At the moment they 13) are sitting (sit) in the living-room. Mother 14) is writing (write) a letter and Father 15) is reading (read) a book.

Exercise 4.          Fill in with Present Simple or Continuous.

Sue:                            What 1) are you doing (you/do) now?

Mark:                            I 2) am looking (look) through these old film magazines. Look, here’s an old picture of Jack Nicholson.

Sue:                            Oh, I 3) think (think) he 4) looks (look) awful! And his suit 5) does not fit (not/fit) him properly.

Mark:                            Yes, I 6) agree (agree). And he 7) appears (appear) to be really angry. I wonder what he 8) is thinking (think) about.

Sue:                            He 9) is (be) in that new film that’s on at the Odeon now, isn’t he?

Mark              :              Yes, I saw it last night. He 10) looks (look) very different now. He 11) weighs (weigh) a lot more.

Sue:                            I 12) hope (hope) it’s a good film. I 13) see (see) it tonight. Stuart 14) takes (take) me. Actually, he 15) is (be) very nice to me these days.

Mark              :              He probably 16) wants (want) to borrow some money.

Sue:                            I 17) see (see). That explains it.

 

Exercise 5.          Fill in Present Simple or Present Perfect.

I 1) ’ve known (know) Timmy for a long time. We always 2) have played (play) together. Timmy 3) can not (not/can) read or write because he 4) has never been (never/be) to school. He 5) has had (have) long brown hair since he was born. Не 6) has lived (live) in our house for five years. My parents 7) have taken (take) care of him while I 8 have been (be) at school. Timmy 9) does not work (not/work); actually he 10) has never had (never/have) a job. This 11) is not (not/be) strange because Timmy 12) is (be) my dog.

Exercise 6.          Put the verbs in brackets into Present Perfect or Past Simple.

Mr Briggs is away on business and he is phoning his wife to see how she is.

Mr Briggs:                    Hello, darling. How are you? Is everything okay?

Mrs Briggs:                    I’m fine. I 1) ’ve been (be) very busy since you 2) left (leave).

Mr Briggs:                    What 3) did you do (you/do) so far?

Mrs Briggs:                    I 4) did (do) the painting, I 5) mended (mend) the bookshelf and I 6) built (build) a cupboard. I 7) have had (have) my hair cut and I 8) did (go) to the dentist’s. Oh, and yesterday I 9) spoke (speak) to a builder about the garage.

Mr Briggs:                    A builder? The garage? What 10) happened (happen) to the garage?

Mrs Briggs:                    Well, the garage wall 11) has fallen down (fall down) two days ago.

Mr Briggs:                    WHAT?????

Mrs Briggs:                    I have not finished I 12) _______ (not/finish) yet. We, well, the neighbour 13) had (have) a little accident. He 14) drove (drive) into the garage wall.

Mr Briggs:                    Oh no! He 15) did not crash (not/crash) into my new car, did he?

Mrs Briggs:                    No! Your car 16) was (be) fine. Don’t worry!

Exercise 7.          Put the verbs in brackets into Present Perfect or Past Simple.

Tina:                    What 1) did you do (you/do) last weekend?

Jane:                    2) I spent (spend) the weekend in Bristol and I 3) have just returned (just/return).

Tina:                    4) I have never been (never/be) to Bristol. What’s it like?

Jane:                    Friends of mine 5) have lived (live) there for five years so they know some interesting, fun places.

Tina:                    6) Did you enjoy (you/enjoy) yourself?

Jane:                    Yes. It 7) was (be) great! I 8) haven’t had (not/have) such a good time for ages.

Tina:                    That’s good. 9) Did you decide (you/decide) what you’re doing this weekend?

Jane:                    10) I have already invited (already/invite) my friends from Bristol to stay with me for the weekend.

Exercise 8.          Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect or the past simple.

John:                    I don’t know where to go on holiday this year. Have you got any ideas?

Darren:          1) Have you ever been (you/ever/be) to Spain? I 2) went (go) to Madrid and Barcelona last year and I really 3) enjoyed (enjoy) myself.

John:                    I 4) I spent (spend) two years in Spain while 5) I was (be) at University. 6) I have never visited (never/visit) South America, though.

Darren:          A friend of mine 7) worked (work) in Brazil before. I think you 8) met (meet) her once. Do you remember Kate?

John:                    Oh, yes. She 8) loved (love) it in Brazil. Maybe I’ll talk to her about it.

Exercise 9.              Put the verbs in brackets into Present Simple Passive.

There is a chimpanzee which 1) is called (call) «Bubbles». It 2) is owned (own) by Michael Johnson. It 3) is kept (keep) in home. It 4) is fed (feed) every day by Michael Johnson himself. It 5) is always dressed (always/dress) in funny clothes. It 6) is said (say) that «Bubbles» is Michael Johnson’s only friend.

Exercise 10.          Turn from Active into Passive.

1.          Someone has broken the crystal vase. The crystal vase has been broken by someone.

2.          His parents have brought him up to be polite. He has been brought up to be polite by his parents.

3.          Fleming discovered penicillin. Penicillin was discovered by Fleming.

4.          They will advertise the product on television. The product will be advertised on television by them.

5.          Someone is remaking that film. That film was being remade by someone.

Exercise 11.          Turn from Active into Passive.

1.          You must leave the bathroom tidy. The bathroom must be left tidy.

2.          You should water this plant daily. This plant should be watered daily.

3.          Our neighbour ought to paint the garage. The garage ought to be painted by our neighbour.

4.          I have to return these books to the library. These books have to be returned to the library.

Exercise 12.          Turn from Active into Passive as in the example :

1. He gave me a present.

e.g.          I was given a present. (more usual) / A present was given to me. (less usual)

2.          The waiter will bring us the bill. We shall be brought the bill by the waiter / The bill will be brought to us by the waiter.

3.          Bob has sold Ted a second-hand car. Ted has been sold a second-hand car by Bob / A second-hand car has been sold to Ted by Bob.

4.          The Queen presented him with a medal. He was presented with a medal by the Queen / A medal was presented to him by the Queen.

5.          Larry is going to send a letter to Tom. Tom is going to be sent a letter by Larry / A letter is going to be sent to Tom by Larry.

6.          Her mother bought Mary some sweets. Mary was bought some sweets by her mother / Some sweets were bought to Mary by her mother.

Exercise 13.          Turn from Active into Passive.

1.          My friend sent me an invitation. e.g. I was sent an invitation.

2.          The cleaner is going to mop the kitchen floor. The kitchen floor is going to be mopped by the cleaner.

3.          The farmer is building a new barn. A new barn is being built by the farmer.

4.          The secretary has given Mrs Jones some letters. Some letters have been given to Mrs. Jones by the secretary.

5.          The traffic warden had already given him a ticket for illegal parking. He had already been given a ticket for illegal parking by the traffic warden.

6.          People must obey the law. The law must be obeyed by people.

7.          Someone had broken our door down. Our door had been broken down by somebody.

8.          They chose him as the best actor of the year. He is chosen as the best actor of the year by them.

Exercise 14.          Rewrite the following passage into Passive.

A local jewellery shop was broken by someone yesterday. The shop had been just locked up by the owner when he was threatened with a gun by a robber. He was told by the robber to unlock the shop and to give him all the diamonds in the safe. Then he was tied up by the robber. A search for the robber has been organized by the police. They hope he will be found in a few days. The owner of the shop is being treated for shock by doctors.

 

Exercise 15.          Rewrite the following passage into Passive.

He will deliver the painting tomorrow. When they give him the money he will tell them the truth. He painted it one night while he was sleepwalking!

This picture was painted by my uncle. He has been offered a lot of money for it by someone. The painting will be delivered by him tomorrow. When he is given the money by them the truth will be told them by him. It was painted by him one night while he was sleepwalking!

 

Exercise 1.              Topic vocabulary in contrast. Choose the correct answer.

Modern science

It seems entirely 1) real to us that there are teams of scientists in universities and other institutions around the world attempting to 2) create the way the world works. However, it hasn’t been that 3) method. Although the scientific method is now four or five hundred years old, the ancient Greeks, for example, believed that they could work out the 4) impulses of natural events just by the power of thought.

During the 17^th century, more and more people began to realize that they could 5) measure their ideas by designing a relevant 6) experiment and seeing what happened. A lot of 7) progress was ‘in this way by individual scientists. These men and women often worked alone, carrying out 8) experiments into many different areas of science, and they often received very little 9) reward for their hard work. At the start of the 20th century, though, it became 10) true that science was becoming more complicated and more expensive. The individual scientist disappeared, to be replaced by highly qualified teams of experts. Modern science was born.

1) A physical                    B natural                    С typical                    D real

2) A create                    В invent                    С construct                    D discover

3) A route                    В method                    C way                    D technique

4) A aims                    В reasons                    C causes                    D impulses

5) A calculate                    В estimate                    С measure                    D test

6) A experiment          В research                    С attempt                    D analysis

7) A development          В movement          C progress                    D evolution

8) A research                    В experiment          С discovery                    D education

9) A award                    В prize                    С gift                              D reward

10) A dear                    В true                              С accurate                    D actual

Exercise 2.          Topic vocabulary in contrast. Choose the correct word.

1) Many materials have been used for artificial / false teeth, including wood.

2) Be careful! You might give yourself an electric / electronic shock!

3) I’m afraid the problem with your washing machine is the engine / motor.

4) Many employers in the chemicals industry / factory object to the new law.

5) My computing exam is taking place / occurring next week.

6) Technology is a fundamental part of new / modern life.

7) We had our car serviced and it seems there’s a problem with the engine / machine.

Exercise 3.          Phrasal verbs. Complete using the correct form of the words in italics.

plug turn carry narrow put work come break

1) A lorry had broken down on the motorway and we had to wait for over an hour.

2) I have put it down to two computer games, but I still can’t make up my mind.

3) I wish you would turn the TV off and go outside and get some exercise.

4) Scientists are trying to work out ways to reduce pollution from aircraft.

5) Tomorrow, we will be carrying out an experiment to test this theory.

6) Who came up with the idea of the ball-point pen?

7) I’ll just narrow you through to our research department. Please hold on.

8) No wonder the vacuum cleaner isn’t working. You haven’t plugged it in!

Exercise 4.          Phrasal verbs. Match to make sentences.

1 Alex’s electricity                              A          off because she forgot to pay the bill

was cut A                                          

2 Wear a mask because                    В          metals such as lead into gold.

these chemicals give E              

3 I’m writing an essay                    С          out who discovered penicillin.

and I need to find C                            

4 I was pleased that                              D          on in physics over the last year.

our gamble came F                            

5 Alchemists spent                              E          off fumes that can be harmful.

years trying to turn B                            

6 Your teacher says                              F          off and the experiment was a success.

you’ve really come D                            

Exercise 5.          Phrases and collocations. Choose the correct answer.

1) I don’t think people should be allowed to perform experiments _______ animals.

A for                            В over          С on                    D to

2) There was an explosion in technology _______ the beginning of the 20th century.

A in                            В at                    С through          D on

3) Let’s face _______ – we are destroying the environment and we need to do something now.

A truth              В facts          С things          D information

4) The distance from the Earth to the Sun is, _______ average, about 149 million kilometres.

A by                            В on                    С from          D in

5) It’s amazing that creatures survive _______ the bottom of the ocean.

A in                            В by                    С at                    D to

6) Fox Talbot _______ the first photograph in 1835.

A gave              В did                    С drew          D took

7) Researchers have _______ to the conclusion that your personality is affected by your genes.

A come          В got                    С reached          D arrived

8) Do you mind if I just _______ a quick phone call from here?

A do                            В take          С have          D make

9) Many lives were saved _______ the introduction of antibiotics.

A into              В at                    С with          D in

10) The _______ of the nuclear accident is still unknown.

A reason          В cause          С base          D motive

11) My father works at the university, doing research _______ weather control.

A on                    В to                    С of                    D from

12) The telescope will photograph distant galaxies, _______ an attempt to understand their past.

A on                            В for                    С with          D in

Exercise 6.          Word patterns. Find the extra word in each line.

The future

1) ___We were discussing about the future in class today. Some people were

2) ___wondering it whether we would have to live in space when we destroy

3) ___our own planet. I explained them that the answer lies in technology because

4) ___scientists are intend to develop forms of energy that will not damage the

5) ___environment. The problems caused as being a result of technology will be

6) ___solved by technology. I am look forward to our next discussion.

Exercise 7.          Word patterns. Complete each second sentence using the word given so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Take the similar meaning in the Word patterns section.

1) The mistake by scientists caused a massive explosion.          

in                    The mistake by scientists resulted in a massive explosion.

2) Dr Atherton finally succeeded in discovering the secret formula.

managed          Dr Atherton finally managed to do the secret formula.

3) Another name for iron oxide is «fool’s gold».

as                    Iron oxide is as result of ‘fool’s gold’.

4) Many local residents intend to protest about the nuclear power plant.

plan                    Many local residents planned to protest about the nuclear power plant.

5) We are thinking of appointing Dr Knight to the position of Professor.

considering          We are considering of appointing the position of Professor.

6) We cannot live in outer space without special equipment.

us                    It is impossible to us to live in outer space without special equipment.

Exercise 8.              Word formation. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line.

Qualcomp Powertop

Qualcomp have just brought out their 1) revolutionary new                                          REVOLUTION

Handheld computer, the Powertop. It’s 2) possibility not                                          POSSIBLE

to love it, with its smooth, shiny 3) appearance and its bright                            APPEAR

screen. It might not be the best 4) introduction to handheld                                          INTRODUCE

computing because it is quite advanced, but you’ll find                            

an 5) explanation of all the features in the detailed manual.                                          EXPLAIN

The Powertop has been 6) scientifically designed to fit a lot of                            SCIENCE

Computing power in your palm. The 7) invention of a unique                            INVENT

wireless Internet connection means there’s a world of                            

8) discoveries just waiting for you. We give the Powertop                                          DISCOVER

nine out of ten.

Exercise 9.          Word formation. Complete the sentences by changing the form of the word in capitals when this is necessary.

1) Did you know that George Washington had wooden (WOOD) teeth?

2) The old astronomer patiently made his observations (OBSERVE) and wrote down what he saw.

3) Researchers (RESEARCH) have announced that a major breakthrough has been made.

4) I’m planning to train as a psychologist (PSYCHOLOGY) when I grow up.

5) That red building (BUILD) over there is the Science Department.

6) The scientist said she had an announcement of international importance (IMPORTANT).

7) Science Weekly has a special introduction (INTRODUCE) offer – the first issue is free!

8) If there are aliens out there, do you think they are much more technological (TECHNOLOGY) advanced than we are?

Exercise 1.          Fill in with Present Simple or Present Continuous.

1) Excuse me. Do you speak (you/speak) English?

2) “Where is Tom?” He is having (he/have) a shower”.

3) I do not watch (I/not/watch) television very often.

4) Listen! Somebody is singing (sing).

5) Sandra is tired. She wants (she/want) to go home now.

6) How often do you read (you read) a newspaper?

7) “Excuse me but you are sitting (you/sit) in my place”. “Oh, I’m sorry”.

8) It’s late. I am going (I/go) home now. 9) Do you come (you/come) with me?

10) What time does your father finish (your father/finish) work in the evenings?

11) You can turn off the radio. I am not listening (I/not/listen) to it.

12) “Where is Paul?” “In the kitchen. Is he cooking (he/cook) something”.

13) Martin does not usually drive (not/usually/drive) to work. 14) He usually walks (usually walk).

15)              Sue does not like (not/like) coffee. 16) She prefers tea (prefer/tea).

Exercise 2.          Complete these sentences using Present Simple or Present Continuous. Use the verb given in brackets.

1) My sister is waiting (wait) patiently for her exam results.

2) We do not travel (not travel) by train very often.

3) I consider (consider) accepting that job in Crete.

4) The film ends (end) with a dramatic car chase.

5) I’m sorry, I feel (feel) too tired to go out this evening.

6) We have (have) a great time here in London.

7) Do you see (see) much of your brother these days?

8) We rely (rely) on you to bring the keys with you.

9) I wish (wish) people didn’t smoke in restaurants.

10) Who do you think (think) you are, speaking to me like that!

Exercise 3.              Put in the correct tense (Present Simple or Present Continuous).

1) Vegetarians are people who (don’t eat /are not eating) meat.

2) Look out! My husband (comes/is coming).

3) Some people still think the sun (goes/is going) round the earth.

4) I (play/I’m playing) tennis every weekend.

5) Who (sits/‘s sitting) in my chair?

6) What (happens/is happening) in golf if you lose the ball?

7) An alcoholic is a person who (drinks/is drinking) too much and can’t stop.

8) Look! (She wears/She’s wearing) the same shoes as me.

9) “What (are you looking/do you look) at?” “A strange bird”.

10) I (stay/I’m staying) with John for a few weeks until my flat’s ready.

11) We (usually stay/‘re usually staying) with Peggy when we go to Chicago.

12) Can you explain why water always (runs/is running) downhill?

13) What (do you do/are you doing) with my coat?

14) Nobody (gets/is getting) up early for fun.

15) Not many passenger planes (fly/are flying) faster than sound.

Exercise 4.              Put the verb into the correct form, Present Continuous or Present Simple.

1) I do not belong (not/belong) to a political party.

2) Hurry! The bus is coming (come), I do not want (not/want) to miss it.

3) The River Nile flows (flow) into the Mediterranean.

4) The river is flowing (flow) very fast today – much faster than usual.

5) Does it ever snow (it/ever/snow) in India?

6) We usually grow (grow) vegetables in our garden but this year we do not grow (not/grow) any.

7) A:          Can you drive?

8) B:          No, but I am learning (learn). My father is teaching (teach) me.

9) You can borrow my umbrella. I do not need (not/need) it at the moment.

10) (at a party) I usually enjoy (enjoy) parties but I do not enjoy (not/enjoy) this one very much.

11) George says he’s 80 years old but I do not believe (not/believe) him.

12) Ron is in London at the moment. He is staying (stay) at the Hilton Hotel.

13) He usually stay (stay) at the Hilton Hotel when he’s in London.

 

Exercise 5.          Put the verbs in brackets into Present Perfect or Past Simple.

1. A):          How long 1) have you had (you / have) your car?

B):              I 2) have had (have) it since Christmas. I 3) bought (buy) it from my uncle.

2.              A):              4) Have you seen (you /see) that film before?

B):              Yes, I 5) have seen (see) it when I 6) was (be) in London.

3.              A):              How long 7) were you (you/be) ill?

B):              I 8) was (be) ill since I 9) have eaten (eat) that meal.

4.              A):              When 10) did Ann move (Ann / move) into her new house?

В):          She 11) moved (move) in a month ago. I 12) have not visited (not / visit) her yet, but I 13) arranged (arrange) to meet her this week.

 

 

Exercise 6.          Fill in Past Simple or Present Perfect.

My best friend is called Alison. We 1) have known (know) each other since we 2) have been (be) five years old. We 3) always shared (always / share) our problems and our troubles, but we 4) also enjoyed (also/enjoy) good times together and 5) spent (spend) many hours laughing together. We 6) lived (live) next door to each other before Alison 7) moved (move) to London. I 8) have visited (visit) her many times since then. She 9) has just bought (just / buy) a new house but I 10) have not seen (not/see) it yet.

Exercise 7.              Put the verbs in brackets into Past Simple or Present Perfect.

1. A:          Last night I saw (see) «The Bodyguard» at the cinema.

B:              Oh, I 1) have already seen (already / see) it twice.

2. A:          Do you know that Mrs Jones 2) has worked (work) here for sixteen years?

B:              I thought she 3) sterted (start) working here ten years ago.

3. A:          4) Have you ever met (you / ever / meet) anyone famous?

B:              Well, I 5) saw (see) Jane Fonda.

A:              Really? I 6) met (meet) her father, Henry Fonda, once. But he is dead now.

4. A:          Yesterday I 7) left (leave) the house and 8) cought (catch) the train. Then I 9) realized (realize) that my keys 10) were (be) in the house.

B:              Oh no! That 11) happened (happen) to me before. What 12) did you do (you/do)?

A:              I 13) called (call) the locksmith.

5. A:          I 14) have already made (already / make) the beds and I 15) have just swept (just/sweep) the floor, but I 16) have not started (not/start) the ironing yet.

B:              Don’t worry. I 17) did (do) it yesterday.

6. A:          How long ago 18) did you begin (you /begin) painting?

B:              Ten years ago. I 19) have recently completed (recently / complete) a painting that the National Gallery 20) asked (ask) me to do a year ago.

7.              A:              Why are you so happy?

B:              I 21) have just passed (just/pass) my driving test!

8. A:          22) Did you always have (you /always/ have) long hair, Julie?

B:              No, when I was young my hair 23) was (be) very short.

9. А:          On Monday my father 24) gave (give) me £20.

B:              That’s wonderful!

A:              No it isn’t. I 25) have already spent (already / spend) it.

10. А:          What 26) happened (happen)? Why is the room full of smoke?

В:          I 27) have just cooked (just/cook) your dinner, dear.

A:              Well, I’m not that hungry.

 

Exercise 8.              Put the verbs in brackets into Past Simple Passive.

Two men 1) were seen (see) breaking into a house in my street last night. The police 2) was called (call) and they arrived very quickly. One man 3) was caught (catch) immediately. The other escaped, but he 4) was found (find) very soon. Both men 5) were taken (take) to the police station where they 6) were questioned (question) separately by a police officer. The two men 7) were charged (charge) with burglary.

Exercise 9.              Turn from Active into Passive.

1.              The gardener has planted some trees. Some trees have been planted by the gardener.

2.              Doctor Brown will give you some advice. Some advice will be given to you by doctor Brown.

3.              A famous designer will redecorate the hotel. The hotel will be redecorated by a famous designer.

4.              Steven Spielberg directed «E.T.». “E.T.” was directed by Steven Spielberg.

Exercise 10.              Turn from Active into Passive.

1.              Columbus discovered America. America was discovered by Columbus.

2.              We keep money in a safe. Money is kept in a safe.

3.              A bee stung her. She was stung by a bee.

4.              They speak Italian in Italy. Italian is spoken in Italy.

5.              They have taken his aunt to hospital. His aunt has been taken to hospital.

6.              The boys damaged the television. The television was damaged by the boys.

7.              Da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa. The Mona Lisa was painted by Da Vinci.

8.              He invited 30 people to his party. 30 people were invited to his party.

9.              They grow bananas in Africa. Bananas are grown in Africa.

Exercise 11.              Turn from Active into Passive.

1. Someone is helping her with the housework.

e.g.              She is being helped with the housework.

2.              A pickpocket robbed me. I was robbed by a pickpocket.

3.              You must extinguish your cigarettes. Your cigarettes must be extinguished.

4.              The mail-order company sent Mrs. Green a parcel. A parcel was sent to Mrs. Green by the mail-order company.

5.              You must dry-clean this shirt. This shirt must be dry-cleaned.

6.              Someone will pay you within the next few days. You will be payed within next few days by someone.

7.              You can improve your health with more exercise. Your health can be improved with more exercise.

8.              A dog is chasing the child. The child is being chased by a dog.

Exercise 12.              Rewrite the following passage into Passive.

Some people saw a UFO in the sky above London last night. A UFO was seen by some people in the sky above London last night.

They reported it to the police. It was reported to the police.

The army sent a helicopter to look at it more closely. A helicopter was sent by the army to look at it more closely.

The UFO shot the helicopter down and killed both men in it. The helicopter was shot down by the UFO and both men were killed in it.

People have given photographs of the UFO to the police. Photographs of the UFO have been given by people to the police.

Experts are looking at them now. They are being looked by experts now.

Exercise 13.              Rewrite the following passage in the Passive.

Somebody has stolen a bus from outside the school. A bus has been stolen from outside the school by somebody.

Some children saw the thief. The thief was seen by some children.

The police are searching for the bus now. The bus is being searched by the police for now.

They will use the children’s descriptions to catch the thief. The children’s descriptions will be used to catch the thief.

 

Exercise 1.          Topic vocabulary in contrast. Complete using the correct form of the words in italics.

perfect pupil student

1) In our school, most classes have about 35 pupils in them.

2) Every year, two new students are chosen from the best students in each class.

3) The university accepts around 2000 new perfects every year.

achieve reach

4) When he finally graduated, Victor felt he had achieved everything he set out to do.

5) The work we’re doing now will make more sense when you reach the sixth form.

teach learn

6) Who teaches you how to play the drums like that?

7) I would love to learn a new language I don’t know anything about, like Swedish.

high primary secondary

8) Children in England go to primary school from the ages of five to eleven.

9) In Britain, grammar schools, public schools and comprehensives are often referred to as secondary schools.

10) Americans usually refer to their secondary school as a high school, and there are often separate junior and senior schools.

degree certificate results

11) The exam results come out today and I’m really nervous. I hope I’ve passed.

12) I was so proud when my exam certificate finally arrived in the post.

13) I would prefer to go to university and do a degree in astronomy, rather than start work.

Exercise 2.          Topic vocabulary in contrast. Choose the correct word.

1) I made a few mistakes in the exam and I don’t think I passed / took it.

2) It’s not always easy to count / measure how intelligent someone is.

3) Did you know that our French teacher can speak / talk four languages?

4) My qualifications / qualities include a degree and an MA in chemistry.

5) Our headteacher had had her hair cut and I didn’t know / recognise her at first.

6) In design and technology, we were given the effort / task of designing a stadium.

7) You’ll find plenty of books on the subject / lesson of business studies in the library.

8) You have to read / study hard in order to do well at university.

9) Look at what we did in today’s lesson and we’ll have a quick exam / test tomorrow morning. Our teacher asked us to choose one of our colleagues / classmates to be our partner for the next exercise.

Exercise 3.          Phrasal verbs. Write one word in each gap.

1) Just get on with Exercise С and I’ll be back in a minute.

2) My teacher says that I should sail through the exam, but I’m not so sure.

3) Dave didn’t understand what Miss Smith was getting at try so he asked her to explain it again.

4) We all tried to convince our teacher to change his mind about the school trip and he finally came around.

5) If you make a mistake, just cross it out with a single line.

6) Belinda missed a few months of school because of illness and found it difficult to keep up wit with her classmates.

7) The other kids were making fun of me, but I didn’t catch on until I heard them laughing.

Exercise 4.          Phrasal verbs. Complete each second sentence using the word given so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Take the similar meaning in the Phrasal verbs section.

1) The ideas in your essay need to be organized better.

set                    You need to set out your essay better.

2) Why don’t you consider the college’s offer for a few days and then call them?

over                    Why don’t you think over for a few days and then call them?

3) You’ll never pass the exam if you just stop trying like that.

in                    You’ll never pass the exam if you just give in like that.

4) When he was at university, Nick just couldn’t handle all the work.

deal                    Nick just couldn’t deal with at university.

5) I suddenly realized that I had left my homework at home.

dawned          It dawned on that I had left my homework at home.

6) Ed was very lonely at university and he left after only one month.

out                    Ed was set out after only one month because he was very lonely.

Exercise 5.          Phrases and collocations. Choose the correct answer.

1) If you need to _______ the teacher’s attention, just put your hand up.

A pull                    В attract                    С capture                    D draw

2) Make sure you _______ your homework before you go out.

A make                    В solve                    С write                    D do

3) Could I _______ a suggestion? Why not have piano lessons?

A have                    В do                              С put                              D make

4) I really don’t _______ the point of taking the exam when you’re not ready for it.

A take                    В see                              С have                    D mind

5) I’ll meet you at the school gates during the lunch _______.

A break                    В gap                              С interval                    D pause

6) Do you think you could pass that book _______ to me, please?

A under                    В through                    С over                    D in

7) Mrs. Dawson said that we are _______ our lesson in the library next Monday.

A having                    В making                    С reading                    D going

8) In English yesterday, we had a discussion _______ different cultures.

A around                    В about                    С for                              D from

9) _______ my opinion, maths shouldn’t be a compulsory subject.

A from                    В to                              С at                              D in

10) When you _______ the exam tomorrow, try to stay calm and relaxed.

A make                    В write                    С take                    D answer

11) My dad wants me to go to university, but I’m in _______ minds about it.

A my                              В two                              С some                    D different

12) I still have a lot _______ about the English language.

A learning                    В to learn                    С for learning          D of learning

13) If the examiner can’t _______ sense of your writing, you’ll get a low mark.

A make                    В bring                    С take                    D understand

14) I hadn’t studied, so when the teacher asked me I had _______ idea.

A none                    В no                              С even                    D not

Exercise 6.          Word patterns. Each of the words in italics is incorrect. Rewrite them correctly.

1) I’ve always admired our music teacher of being so patient.

2) My new school is quite similar to my old one.

3) Mr. Wilkins congratulated me on passing the exam.

4) I’d better go home and study for tomorrow’s test.

5) Ian is capable to doing very well this year if he works hard.

6) This course is suitable for students who are considering a career in the media.

7) If you don’t get into university, you’ll have to settle in art college.

8) After six attempts, Bill finally succeeded in passing his driving test.

Exercise 7.          Word patterns. Water has damaged part of this text from a diary. Read it and decide what you think each of the original words was. Write these words.

Dear Diary

Well, my first day at the new school is over. I was able 1) to make a few friends, although I hope I 2) to meet more people tomorrow. I met one girl I didn’t like, who just boasted 3) of her exam results and succeeded 4) in annoying everyone. The teacher asked me what I’d been learning about at my other school and when I told her, she said she failed 6) to see how I would be able to catch up with the others. I’ll show her! I’m just as capable 7) of doing the work as the others. I’m really going to study hard 8) for the test.

Exercise 8.          Word formation. Complete the sentences by changing the form of the word in capitals when this is necessary.

1) I wonder if you could tell me who was awarded the scholarship (SCHOLAR)?

2) Do you think that you pay enough attention (ATTEND) in class?

3) Could you tell me what the solution (SOLVE) to number seven is?

4) My dad said I’d better spend more time on my studies (STUDY).

5) I would like to know what qualifications teacher (TEACH) require in your country.

6) Joshua was suspended from school for a week for bad behaviour (BEHAVE).

7) I did six hours of revision (REVISE) for the test, and I still failed!

8) Please send photocopies of all your certificate (CERTIFY) to us at the address below.

Exercise 9.          Word formation. Complete the text by changing the form of the word in capitals.

Being unable to read

It seems 1) thinkable (THINK) today not to provide children with a decent 2) education (EDUCATE).There is such an emphasis on 3) academic (ACADEMY) achievement these days that it’s easy to forget what a problem 4) illiteracy (LITERATE) used to be. Being unable to read can be 5) intensely (INTENSE) embarrassing and can make someone feel like a complete 6) failure (FAIL). Someone who can’t read is often 7) understandable (UNDERSTAND) afraid of certain situations. The problem can seem 8) solvable (SOLVE). However, given the right teacher, a lot of hard work and a 9) reasonable (REASON) amount of time, anyone can learn. Being able to read can lead to an 10) improved (IMPROVE) quality of life.