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George Washington (1732-1799), the first American President, was born in Virginia on February 22,1732.

He led the American Army to victory in the War for Independence. Later he was elected President of the United States and was in office for 8 years (1789-1797).

All over the United States Americans have honoured George Washington by naming after him their national capital, a state and several communities.

Lincoln’s Birthday

Another great American President, Abraham Lincoln, (1809-1865) was born on February 12,1809.

Lincoln was President during the Civil War (1861-1865). In this critical period Lincoln led the light to keep the national together and to free the slaves6. His life ended tragically. He was killed at the theatre during the performance soon after the victory of the North. In honour of this great man a beautiful memorial has been built in Washington, D. C.

Labour Day

It is celebrated on the first Monday in September. On this day workers make a public show with marches, meetings, etc. it also marks the begin-ng of the school year.

День рождения Вашингтона

Джордж Вашингтон (1732-1799), первый американский президент, родился в Вирджинии 22 февраля 1732 года.

Он привел американскую армию к победе в войне за независимость. Позже он был избран президентом Соединенных Штатов и занимал этот пост в течение 8 лет (1789-1797).

На всей территории Соединенных Штатов американцы уважают Джорджа Вашингтона, назвав в его честь свою национальную столицу, штат и несколько общин.

День рождения Линкольна

Другой великий американский президент, Авраам Линкольн, (1809-1865) родился 12 февраля 1809 года.

Линкольн был президентом во время гражданской войны (1861-1865). В этот критический период Линкольн вел страну, чтобы держать народ вместе и освободить рабов. Его жизнь закончилась трагически. Он был убит в театре во время спектакля вскоре после победы на Севере. В честь этого великого человека в Вашингтоне был построен красивый мемориал.

День Труда

Он отмечается в первый понедельник сентября. В этот день работники устраивают публичное шоу с маршами, митингами и т. д. Он также знаменует собой начало учебного года.

Задание 3.

1. Who was the first American President?

2. George Washington (1732-1799), the first American President, was born in Virginia on February 22,1732, wasn’t he?

3. When was George Washington born?

4. Was George Washington (1732-1799), the first American President, born in Virginia or in New York?

5. Was George Washington (1732-1799), the first American President born in Virginia on February 22,1732?

V3

1. Perfect Active. Open the brackets and put the verb into the right form. Translate the sentences.

1) Electricity provides mankind with the most efficient source of energy.

2) Who finished the term work?

3) I haven’t studied all the necessary materials yet.

4) He has carried out his research work yet?

5) That ecological problems became the most important ones at present is evident to all.

1) Электричество обеспечивает человечество наиболее эффективным источником энергии.

2) Кто закончил семестровую работу?

3) Я еще не изучил все необходимые материалы.

4) Он уже провел свою исследовательскую работу?

5) То, что экологические проблемы стали наиболее важными в настоящее время, очевидно для всех.

2. The Sequence of Tenses.

1. We read that for the first time electricity had been applied for industrial use in silver workshops in Paris.

2. Not long ago chemists developed new materials that can withstand temperatures.

3. We knew that Russian scientists would work at the problem of space communication next few years.

4. The engineer was told that he might test the device in the afternoon.

5. She was interested if they had a test at that time.

3. The Passive Voice

1) General engineering and specialized subjects are studied at our University.

2) Was the diagrams brought by our monitor an hour ago?

3) Much has been done to improve laboratory methods at present.

4) The design of a new spacecraft has not been completed yet.

5) What problem will be solved at the following conference?

4. Read and translate the text

3. It is difficult for mankind to predict changes in the environment accurately. It is known that natural changes in weather and climate may have more catastrophic global effects than human activity. But scientists are developing a new concept that can help make such predictions more precisely. It is based on our understanding that the Earth is an integral system. Its parts are oceans, atmosphere, land or life cannot be understood in isolation. Modern scientific and technological progress made it possible to use new technologies for that purpose. That satellite can control physical, chemical, biological and geological changes on a global scale is well-known now. One must also know the study of environmental problems with the help of satellites is becoming international.

3. Человечеству трудно точно прогнозировать изменения в окружающей среде. Известно, что естественные изменения погоды и климата могут иметь более катастрофические глобальные последствия, чем деятельность человека. Но ученые разрабатывают новую концепцию, которая может помочь сделать такие прогнозы более точными. Это основано на нашем понимании того, что Земля является одной системой. Ее отдельные части — океаны, атмосфера, земля или жизнь не могут существовать отдельно. Современный научно-технический прогресс позволил использовать для этой цели новые технологии. Этот спутник может контролировать физические, химические, биологические и геологические изменения в глобальном масштабе в настоящее время хорошо известен. Надо также знать, что изучение экологических проблем с помощью спутников становится международным.

Задание 5.

Many students have been enrolled into universities this year.

Who has been enrolled into universities this year?

Many students have been enrolled into universities this year, haven’t they?

Have many students been enrolled into universities this year?

Have many students have been enrolled into universities this year or that year?

When have many students been enrolled into universities?

This is a very good book.

What is this?

Is this a very good book?

Is this a very good book or a very good magazine?

This is a very good book, isn’t it?

What book is this?

They have made some mistakes today.

Who has made some mistakes today?

Have they made some mistakes today?

When have they made some mistakes?

Have they made some mistakes today or yesterday?

They have made some mistakes today, haven’t they?