ВАРРИАНТ 2

Translate into Russian the following word families and word combinations.

to enforce — force — enforcement — law enforcement.

to complain — complaint.

to cause — cause — causation — causeless.

to bail — bail — bailable

to appeal — appeal — appealable

An unsuccessful appeal; an unreasonable cause; an unlawful arrest; unmotivated offences.

Принуждать — сила — принуждение — правоохранительные органы.

жаловаться — жалоба.

Быть причиной — причина — причинность — беспричинность.

брать на поруки — поруки – допускающий выпуск на поруки

обращаться — апелляция – подлежащий обжалованию

Неудачная апелляция; необоснованная причина; незаконный арест; немотивированные правонарушения.

Underline the verbs in the Passive Voice, write down in what tenses they are used and translate the sentences into Russian.

The first Russian University was founded in 1755. Past Simple Passive.

The text has already been translated. Present Perfect Passive.

What specialists are trained at the Moscow Law Institute? Present Simple Passive.

The Common Law offences had been codified by 1986. Past Perfect Passive.

The robber will be released on bail. Future Simple Passive.

Первый русский университет был основан в 1755 году.

Текст уже переведен.

Каких специалистов готовят в Московском юридическом институте?

К 1986 году правонарушения по общему праву были кодифицированы.

Грабитель будет выпущен под залог.

Put the verbs in brackets in the proper tense (Present, Past, Future Indefinite) and voice.

This program will be broadcast again tomorrow night.

Your report must be divided into two chapters.

Hockey is played in winter.

Russia is washed by seas and oceans in the North and in the East.

I am sure the exams will be passed successfully.

English is spoken at our English tutorials.

Change the following sentences from active to passive form (Keep the same tense with each change).

This English film was seen by the students yesterday.

His report has just been finished by him.

Future investigators, detectives for Minsk and Minsk region are trained by the Law Institute.

His English is being worked successfully.

This newspaper has been taken by my friend.

They offered her some interesting work.

A man was murdered by someone outside his house last night.

Translate into English using the Passive voice.

Все участники событий были опрошены полицейским. 2. Этот перевод будет закончен через несколько дней. З. Собор Святого Павла был построек архитектором Реном. 4. Его воспитала сестра. 5. Специальным предметам нас будут обучать ка третьем и четвертом курсах. 6. Что ему обещали? 7. Мне посоветовали поступить в юридический институт.

All participants in the events were questioned by the police. 2. This translation will be completed in a few days. 3. St. Paul’s Cathedral was built by the architect Ren. 4. He was brought up by his sister. 5. We will be taught special subjects in the third and fourth years. 6. What was he promised? 7. I was advised to go to law institute.

Change into indirect speech.

Mother said to her son, «A computer will be bought for your birthday.» Mother promised that a computer would be bought for his birthday.

He said to his friends, «I am leaving for Great Britain on Monday.» He informed his friends that he was leaving for Great Britain on Monday.

«Shall I ever see him again?» she said. She wondered if she would ever see him again.

He said, «Who is playing the piano so well?» He was interested to know who was playing the piano so well.

«Don’t drive too fast,» she said to him.. She advised not to drive too fast.

«Put your pistol on the table,» said the crook. The crook ordered to put his pistol on the table.

The detective said, «How many people know the combination of the safe?» The detective asked how many people knew the combination of the safe.

Underline the verbs in the object clauses, write down the tenses in which they are used and translate the sentences.

She asked me where I lived. Past Simple. 2. The guard told him not to worry and go home quietly. Инфинитив. 3. Our teacher asked the students why they were not taking the exams. Past Continuous. 4. The clerk said that it would take a little time to look up my file. Past Simple. 5. His wife asked him not to do anything dangerous. Инфинитив. 6. I asked if I could speak to the dean. Past Simple. 7. He asked me what I should do if I did not find the article I needed. Past Simple. Past Simple. Past Simple.

Она спросила меня, где я живу. 2. Охранник сказал ему не волноваться и спокойно идти домой. 3. Наш учитель спросил студентов, почему они не сдают экзамены. 4. Слуужащий сказал, что поиск моего дела займет немного времени. 5. Его жена попросила его не делать ничего опасного. 6. Я спросил, могу ли я поговорить с деканом. 7. Он спросил меня, что мне делать, если я не найду нужную статью.

Задание 8. Переведите.

Он заявил, что оба экземпляра имеют одинаковую юридическую силу. 2. Стороны решили, что внесут эти изменения позднее.

Я поинтересовался, подготовили ли они протокол.

Она сказала, что не знает кто был грабителем.

Директор сказал, что контракт будет подписан через несколько дней.

He stated that both copies were equally valid.

The parties decided that they would make these changes at a later date.

I asked if they had prepared a protocol.

She said that she did not know who the robber was.

The director said that the contract would be signed in a few days.

Задание 9.

С

D

B

A

Underline the clauses and translate the following sentences into Russian.

When my brother is 17, he will finish school. 2. Will you work here until he comes? 3. If you don’t learn these words, you will not be able to write the test. 4. When I have my holidays in August, I will go to the Caucasus. 5. If he doesn’t go to the cinema, he will ring us up. 6. Please, return my English textbook, if you don’t use it.

Когда моему брату исполнится 17 лет, он закончит школу. 2. Ты будешь здесь работать, пока он не приедет? 3. Если вы не выучите эти слова, вы не сможете написать тест. 4. Когда в августе у меня будут каникулы, я поеду на Кавказ. 5. Если он не пойдет в кино, он нам перезвонит. 6. Верните, пожалуйста, мой учебник английского языка, если вы им не пользуетесь.

Choose the right variant.

If we … out of money, we will get a job.

a). will run b). run c). ran

When we … to a big city, I will send you a postcard.

a). got b). will get c). get

If we … afford it, we will buy a new car.

a) will b) can c) could

Задание 12.

The guilt or innocence of persons charged with an offence against the criminal law is a matter to be decided in a court of justice. There are two methods of trying persons accused of criminal offences. One is by judge and jury in the Crown Court after committal for trial on an indictment; the other is summarily by a magistrates’ court without a jury. With very few exceptions, all criminal proceedings in the Crown Court begin in a magistrates’ court.

A magistrates’ court is normally composed of two or more justices of the peace, but the number must not exceed seven. Some statutes permit particular offences to be tried by a single justice but such instances are rare. The normal sittings of a magistrates’ court take place in a properly appointed courthouse on appointed days of the week.

In England and Wales the initial decision to begin criminal proceedings normally lies with the police. Once the police have brought a criminal charge, the papers are passed to the Crown Prosecution Service, which decides whether the case should be accepted for prosecution in the courts or whether the proceedings should be discontinued.

In April 1988 the Serious Fraud Office,  a government department was established to investigate and prosecute the most serious and complex cases of fraud in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.

 

Вопрос о виновности или невиновности лиц, обвиняемых в преступлении против уголовного законодательства, должен решаться в суде. Есть два метода судебного преследования лиц, обвиняемых в совершении уголовных преступлений. Один — судьей и присяжными в Королевском суде после передачи в суд по обвинительному заключению; другой — в общем магистратском суде без присяжных. За очень немногими исключениями, все уголовные дела в Королевском суде начинаются в магистратском суде.

Магистратский суд обычно состоит из двух или более мировых судей, но их количество не должно превышать семи. Некоторые законодательные акты разрешают рассмотрение отдельных преступлений одним судьей, но такие случаи редки. Обычные заседания магистратского суда проходят в должным образом назначенном здании суда в назначенные дни недели.

В Англии и Уэльсе первоначальное решение о возбуждении уголовного дела обычно принимается полицией. После предъявления полицией уголовного обвинения документы передаются в Королевскую прокуратуру, которая решает, следует ли принять дело к уголовному преследованию в суде или прекратить производство.

В апреле 1988 г. было создано Управление по борьбе с серьезным мошенничеством, государственное ведомство, которое занимается расследованием и судебным преследованием наиболее серьезных и сложных случаев мошенничества в Англии, Уэльсе и Северной Ирландии.

Put all types of questions to the next sentences.

There are two methods of trying persons accused of criminal offences.

Are there two methods of trying persons accused of criminal offences?

There are two methods of trying persons accused of criminal offences, aren’t they?

Are there two or three methods of trying persons accused of criminal offences?

How many methods of trying persons accused of criminal offences are there?

What is of trying persons accused of criminal offences?

 

In England and Wales a private person may institute criminal proceedings.

In England and Wales a private person may institute criminal proceedings, may it not?

May in England and Wales a private person institute criminal proceedings?

Where may a private person institute criminal proceedings?

May in England and Wales a private person institute criminal  or general proceedings?

Who may in England and Wales institute criminal proceedings?

 

Read the next sentences and mark the sentences, which are true to the text or wrong.

There is a great number of methods of trying persons accused of criminal offences. True.

Mostly all criminal proceedings in the Crown Court begin in a magistrates’ court since an accused in the Crown Court must normally have been committed for trial there by a magistrates’ court. Wrong.

The normal sittings of a magistrates’ court take place in a properly appointed courthouse on appointed days of the week. True.

In England and Wales the initial decision to begin criminal proceedings normally lies with the court of justice. Wrong.

There is a general right in Scotland of private prosecution; crimes and offences may be prosecuted in any court of justice. True.

In England, Scotland and Wales a private person may institute criminal proceedings. Wrong.

Answer the questions on the text.

Where do criminal proceedings usually begin? All criminal proceedings in the Crown Court begin in a magistrates’ court.

How many justices of the peace are there in the magistrates’ court? A magistrates’ court is normally composed of two or more justices of the peace, but the number must not exceed seven.

Who usually takes the decision to begin criminal proceeding? In England and Wales the initial decision to begin criminal proceedings normally lies with the police.

What is the job of the Fraud office? In April 1988 the Serious Fraud Office, a government department was established to investigate and prosecute the most serious and complex cases of fraud in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.

Who is responsible for the prosecution in magistrates’ courts Crown Court? Once the police have brought a criminal charge, the papers are passed to the Crown Prosecution Service, which decides whether the case should be accepted for prosecution in the courts or whether the proceedings should be discontinued.

Give the title to the text. – Courts in England.

Give a brief summary of the English.

The guilt or innocence of persons charged with an offence against the criminal law is a matter to be decided in a court of justice. It should be noted, that with very few exceptions, all criminal proceedings in the Crown Court begin in a magistrates’ court.

However, a magistrates’ court is normally composed of two or more justices of the peace, but the number must not exceed seven.

In England and Wales the initial decision to begin criminal proceedings normally lies with the police.

Moreover, in April 1988 the Serious Fraud Office,  a government department was established to investigate and prosecute the most serious and complex cases of fraud in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.

It is interesting that the Crown Prosecution Service was established in England and Wales by the Prosecution of Offences Act 1985. The Lord Advocate is responsible for prosecutions in the High Court of Judiciary, sheriff courts and district courts in Scotland.

In conclusion the author says that prosecutions in the High Court are prepared fiscal and Crown Office officials.

I find the text interesting and informative.