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I. Complete the sentences (1- 9) with the words (a-i):

a) job b) description c)pension d) recession e) decline f) employees g) export

h) credit i) training.

1. The industry has been in………. for decades.

2. They’ve purchased all sorts of  equipment on ………. .

3. People leave if they want to find a better……….

4. A skilled worker has special ………..or knowledge to do a job.

5. When we apply for a job, things like pay and ………….can be important.

6. Many modern ………..want jobs that give them enough free time.

7. A product …………contains details about its special features.

8. The retail sector is now in……….. .

9. Most of their crops are grown for …….. .

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II. Match (1-9) with (a-i) to make up sentences:

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III. Match each of the words on the left with an appropriate explanation on the right.

1.punctual a) encourage other people to work well

2. motivating b) shy and nervous; without much

  confidence

3. state-run c) managed by the government

4. valuable d) like to be on time

5. timid e) important or worth money

6. creative f) good at making things work

7. practical g) want to reach the top in their career

8. hard-working h) have a lot of new ideas

9. sociable i) like to spend time with other people

10.ambitious j) spend a lot of time doing a good job

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IV. Complete the sentences (1-10) with the most suitable preposition (a-j):a) to b) out of c)on d)for e)at f) in g) with h) of i) to j) from.

1. I bought this computer ______ the start of the summer.

2. He signed the documents on behalf _______ his company.
3. She retired _______ the firm at the age of sixty.
4. With reference ________ your order, we apologize for the delay.

5. Nine _______ten ventures won`t make any return.

6. The location of a business is an important factor _______ its growth.

7. Employers offer jobs _______people with the right qualifications and experience.

8. A good employee always arrives _______ time.

9. We always insist on payment _______ advance.
10. Can you deal ________ this report in time for the meeting?

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V. КОПРы: Simple, Continuous (Progressive), Perfect. Complete the sentences (1-6) with the appropriate forms of the verbs (a-f):

a)works b) has cut c) is changing d) saw e)am writing f) employs.

1. Our secretary _________ very hard.

2. The company _______currently ________to a new accounting system.

3. Five years ago, we ________ big increases in the price of oil.

4. In recent years, Cookwel _________ its workforce by 5,000.

5. The factory ______600 people.

6. At the moment __________ this entry to the guide.

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VI. Make the adjectives or adverbs in the box comparative. Then complete the sentences.

1. You may not have to stay in a job that you don`t like: it may be …….to look for a new job.

2. In some market structures, companies have ………control over price.

3. Efficient economy grows ………and everyone in society benefits.

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VII. Read and translate the text. Write down your translation of the second paragraph.

Trade

  1. Trade is the transfer of ownership of goods and services from one person or entity to another. Trade is sometimes loosely called commerce or financial transaction or barter. A network that allows trade is called a market. The original form of trade was barter, the direct exchange of goods and services. Later one side of the barter was the metals, precious metals, bills, paper money. Modern trades generally use a medium of exchange, such as money. As a result, buying can be separated from selling, or earning. The invention of money (and later credit, paper money and non-physical money) greatly simplified and promoted trade. Trade between two traders is called bilateral trade, between more than two traders is called multilateral trade.

2. Trade exists due to specialization and division of labor, most people concentrate on a small aspect of production. Trade exists between regions because different regions have a comparative advantage in the production of some commodity, or because different regions’ size allows for the benefits of mass production. As such, trade at market prices between locations benefits both locations.

2. Торговля существует благодаря специализации и разделению труда, большинство людей занимается небольшой частью производства. Торговля существует между регионами, потому что разные регионы обладают сравнительным преимуществом при производстве какого-либо товара или потому, что территория разных регионов позволяет использовать преимущества массового производства. Таким образом, торговля по рыночным ценам между регионами выгодна для всех.

3. Retail trade consists of the sale of goods or merchandise from a very fixed location, such as a department store, boutique or kiosk, or by mail, in small or individual lots for direct consumption by the purchaser. Wholesale trade is defined as the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers, to industrial, commercial, institutional, or other professional business users, or to other wholesalers and related subordinated services.

VIII. Answer the questions:

1. What was the original form of trade? The original form of trade was barter, the direct exchange of goods and services.

2. What do modern trades generally use as a medium of exchange? Modern trades generally use a medium of exchange, such as money.

3. How is the wholesale trade defined? Wholesale trade is defined as the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers, to industrial, commercial, institutional, or other professional business users, or to other wholesalers and related subordinated services.