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I. Спишите предложения, поставив сказуемые в пассивном залоге. Используйте предлог by, где это необходимо

Модель:

The company had opened two outlets by the end of the year.

Two outlets had been opened by the company by the end of the year.

1. I have decided that the company would pay my monthly salary into my account in the bank.

I have decided that my monthly salary would be paid by the company into my account in the bank.

2. Before developing a new product our firm will set up a team of experienced marketing specialists.

A team of experienced marketing specialists will be set up by our firm before developing a new product.

3. All the Ministers will see the President off at the airport.

The President will be seen off by all the Ministers at the airport.

4. The shop owners believe that business environment has improved the trade.

The shop owners believe that the trade has been improved by business environment.

5. Renault produced more than 400,000 cars last year.

More than 400,000 cars were produced by Renault last year.

6. Last year the company went bankrupt and made all employees redundant.

Last year the company went bankrupt and all employees were made redundant.

1. II. Спишите предложения и подчеркните сказуемые, содержащие модальные глаголы с перфектным инфинитивом. Переведите предложения.
2. He spent three weeks on the work that should have taken only a day or two. Работу, на которую он должен был потратить всего лишь день или два, он делал три недели.
3. Mike isn’t home yet. He must have been held up at work. Майка все еще нет дома. Вероятно, он задержался на работе.
4. Nobody knows when the documents disappeared. They might have been stolen. Никто не знает, когда исчезли документы. Возможно, их украли.
5. He can’t have forgotten about the meeting. He talked to me about it only this morning. Он не мог забыть о встрече. Он разговаривал со мной об этом только этим утром.
6. I don’t know why they are so late. They could have got lost. Я не знаю, почему они так опаздывают. Возможно, они потерялись.

III Спишите предложения, подчеркните причастия, укажите их форму и функцию (см. модель). Переведите предложения

1. Having decided to offer me the job, the sales manager asked me for a reference. Обстоятельство. Perfect Active.

Решив предложить мне работу, менеджер по продажам попросил у меня рекомендацию.

2. The consultants, being outsiders, are usually less able to judge how well a candidate will fit into the organization. Обстоятельство. Present Active.

Консультанты, будучи сторонними наблюдателями, обычно менее способны судить, насколько хорошо кандидат подойдет организации.

3. The information obtained during the market research will be used in decision-making. Определение. Past Passive.

Информация, полученная в процессе маркетингового исследования, будет использована для принятия решения.

4. Offering a salary the applicants couldn’t reject, the personnel manager convinced them to accept the job. Обстоятельство. Present Active.

Предлагая зарплату, от которой претенденты не смогли бы отказаться, менеджер по персоналу убедил их согласиться на эту работу.

5. Having failed in every career he had attempted Van Gogh turned to art. Обстоятельство. Perfect Active.

Потерпев неудачу во всех начинаниях, Ван Гог ушел в искусство.

6. Changes in consumers demand have influenced goods quantity and quality demanded. Определение. Past Passive.

Изменения в потребительском спросе повлияли на количество и качество востребованных товаров.

IV. Из данных групп предложений, содержащих придаточные предложения условия, спишите лишь те, в которых действие могло бы относиться к прошедшему времени. Подчеркните сказуемые и переведите предложения

1. b) If more users had been connected to computer networks, e-commerce would have developed more rapidly. Если бы больше пользователей было подключено к компьютерным сетям, то электронная коммерция развивалась бы быстрее.
2. a) The company would have achieved a higher sales level, if the retail price had been decreased. Компания достигла бы более высокого уровня продаж, если бы цена была снижена.
3. b) Unless experienced managers had been hired, such a big corporation would not have run business so successfully. Если бы на работу не были наняты опытные менеджеры, то такая крупная корпорация не вела бы бизнес так успешно.
4. a) If governments had reduced restrictions and tariffs, it would have promoted the expansion of world trade. Если бы правительства снизили ограничения и тарифы, то это бы повлияло на развитие мировой торговли.
5. b) If the enterprise had applied innovations more effectively, its profits would have risen. Если бы предприятие применяло инновации более эффективно, то ее прибыль увеличилась бы.

V. Из трех слов выберите одно, соответствующее определению, которое дано выше. Подчеркните его

Модель:

General term used for all types of stocks and shares

1. a) investment b) income c) securities

1. a document giving permission to sell something
2. a) license b) contract c) agreement
3. a person associated with another person, often in business
4. a) employer b) partner c) founder
5. to give money temporarily on the condition that it will be returned
6. a) lend b) borrow c) pay
7. reduction in the original price of a product
8. a) turnover b) discount c) profit
9. request from the customers for something
10. a) complaint b) order c) invoice
11. a person who starts his own business
12. a) accountant b) entrepreneur c) shopkeeper
13. a charge paid to a person or a bank for the money borrowed
14. a) loan b) rent                   c) interest
15. working extra hours
16. a) in shifts b) in time c) overtime
17. people who buy goods or services
18. a) users b) customers c) suppliers
19. a company or a person who is competing against you
20. a) partner b) franchiser c) rival

VI. Выберите подходящие по смыслу слова и вставьте в пропуски. Подчеркните их.

What is Marketing?

А market can be defined as all the potential customers sharing а particular need or want. Marketing is the process of developing, pricing, distributing and promoting the goods or services that satisfy such needs. Marketing therefore combines market research, new product development, distribution, advertising, promotion, product improvement, and so on. According to this definition, marketing begins and ends with the customer. Truly successful marketing understands the customer so well that the product or service satisfies а need so perfectly that the customer is desperate to buy it. The product almost sells itself. Of course this will only happen if the product or service is better than those of competitors.

Companies are always looking for marketing opportunities — possibilities of filling unsatisfied needs. Marketing opportunities are generally isolated by market segmentation ­dividing а market into submarkets or segments according to customers’ requirements or buying habits. Once а target market has been identified, a company has to decide what goods or services to offer always remembering the existence of competitors.

Marketers do not only identify consumer needs; they can anticipate them by developing new products. They will then have to design marketing strategies and plan marketing programmes. Once the basic offer, for example а product concept, has been established, the company has to think about the marketing mix — the set of all the various elements of а marketing programme, their integration, and the amount of effort that а company can expend on them in order to influence the target market. The best-known classification of these elements is the 4 P’s: Product, Price, Promotion and Place.

Aspects to be considered in marketing а product include its quality, its features, style, brand name, size, packaging, services and guarantee, while price includes consideration of things like the basic list price, discounts, the length of the payment period, and possible credit terms. Place in а marketing mix includes such factors as distribution channels, coverage of the market, locations of points of sales. Promotion groups together advertising, publicity, sales promotion and personal selling.

Anticipate, dividing, filling, influence, distribution channels, personal selling, offer, discounts, sharing, sells, quality, understands

Спишите и переведите словосочетания:

1. to develop a product – разрабатывать товар
2. to satisfy the needs – удовлетворять потребности
3. to offer goods and services – предлагать товары и услуги
4. to anticipate the consumer needs – предугадывать потребности потребителя
5. to influence the target market – оказывать влияние на целевой рынок
6. to consider credit terms – обсуждать сроки кредита