Модуль 1

1. Сравните пары предложений со сказуемыми в Present Simple и Present Progressive Active и переведите их.

1. She always does her homework in the evening. Present Active.

She is doing her homework now. Present Continuous Active.

2. She did her homework well yesterday.

She was doing her homework when we came to see her yesterday. Past Continuous Active.

3. She is tired. She will do her homework tomorrow. Present Active.

She will be doing her homework at 5 p. m. tomorrow. Future Continuous Active.

1. Она всегда делает домашнее задание вечером.

Она сейчас делает домашнее задание.

2. Вчера она хорошо сделала домашнее задание.

Она делала домашнее задание, когда мы пришли к ней вчера.

3. Она устала. Завтра она сделает домашнее задание.

Она будет делать домашнее задание в 5 часов завтра вечером.

Время

Залог

Active

Present

We have been investigating

Мы исследуем (уже в течение какого-либо периода времени)

Past

We had been investigating

Мы исследовали (уже в течение какого-либо периода времени к указанному моменту в прошлом)

Future

We shall have been investigating

Мы будем исследовать (уже в течение какого-либо периода времени к указанному моменту в будущем)

2.* Раскройте скобки и поставив глагол в нужной форме, Present Progressive или Present Simple.

1. The Volga flows into the Caspian Sea.

The river is flowing very fast today — much faster than usual.

2. We usually grow vegetables in our garden but this year we are not growing any.

3. Can you drive a car? No, but I am taking driving lessons)at the moment.

4. Please, don’t make much noise. I am doing my homework. I study at the Technological Institute.

3. Группа людей остановилась в отеле. Однажды вечером прозвучала пожарная сирена. Используйте слова в скобках, чтобы составить предложения о том, что делал каждый человек в это время. Помните, сказуемое следует употребить в Past Progressive.

Nick (have) a bath.

Nick was having a bath.

1. Ann was writing a letter in her room.

2. George was getting ready to go out.

3. Carol was making a phone call.

4. I was watching TV.

4.* Раскройте скобки, употребив сказуемые в Past Progressive.

1. Tom burnt his hand when he was frying meat.

2. I saw Jim in the park. He was sittingon the grass and reading a book.

3. It was raining when I got up.

4. When Tom arrived, we were having dinner.

5. While Tom was cooking the dinner, the phone rang.

5. Вы пишите письмо другу и сообщаете новости о людях, которых вы оба знаете. Составить предложения о том, что сделал каждый человек к данному времени, используя слова в скобках. Сказуемое следует поставить в Present Perfect Active.

Dear Phil,

Lots of things have happened since I last wrote to you.

Chris has found a new job.

Chris has found a new job.

1. Kate has gone to Brazil.

2. Jack and Fill have bought a car.

3. Suzanne has moved to a new flat.

4. Mary has given up smoking.

5. George has passed his driving test.

6.* Вы вернулись в родной город через несколько лет и нашли, что многое изменилось. Завершите следующие предложения, используя глаголы, стоящие в скобках, в Past Perfect Active.

1. Most of my friends were no longer there. They had left.

2. My best friend Alex was no longer there. He had gone away.

3. Mr. Johnson was no longer alive. He had died.

4. I didn’t recognize Mrs. Johnson. She had changed a lot.

5. Boris no longer had his car. He had sold it.

7.* Найдите сказуемое в предложении. Определите его время и залог.

1. Scientific and technological developments have changed life on the planet. Present Perfect Active.

2. The scientific revolution began in the 16th century. Past Simple Active.

3. When we speak of technology today, we are looking at it in a narrow sense. Present Simple Active. Present Continuous Active.

4. At 8 a.m. tomorrow we shall be preparing for a very important experiment. Future Continuous Active.

5. They will have completed their experiment by the end of the week. Future Perfect Active.

6. Not fewer that 16 nations have established permanent bases in Antarctica. Present Perfect Active.

7. Bill Gates foretold the development of the world computer industry in 1990-2010. Past Simple Active.

8. Modern Olympic Games keep old traditions. Present Simple Active.

8.* Раскройте скобки, употребив глагол в страдательном залоге.

1. The permanent bases of different countries were set up in Antarctica.

2. Alarm systems and radios are made by other smaller companies.

3. Today science and technology are related closely.

4. New sports and games were added to the Olympic program last century.

5. New sports complexes and living quarters were built here last year.

6. Ice figure-skating was included into the Olympic Program in 1910.

7. Heat is used to boil water.

8. Salt is made of three elements.

9. He was refused admission to the local school when he was 8.

10. Lomonosov’s private library was bought by Count Orlov.

9.* Определите залог сказуемых в предложениях:

1. He asked us to translate this article. Active.

He was asked to translate this article. Passive.

2. We know him for many years. Active.

He is known as a good engineer. Passive

3. They build new houses every year. Active.

Many new houses were built last year. Passive

4. How many schools will be opened next year. Passive

They open a large new school every three years. Active.

10.* Найдите русские эквиваленты подлежащим английских предложениях.

1. I told the expert to test this product. b

2. I was told to test this product. a

a) мне b) я

3. The engineer was shown the new type of computers b

4. The engineer showed us the new type of computers. a

а) инженер b) инженеру

5. The problem was discussed at the meeting. a

6. The problem was very difficult for solving. b

а) проблема b) проблему

7. Scientists are given all the possibilities for their research work. b

8. Scientists achieved great results in the field of food technology.a

а) ученые b) ученым

11.* Найдите сказуемые в предложениях, определите их время и залог.

1. We were invited to take part in this expedition. Past Simple Passive.

2. The seas and ocean are connected by canals. Present Simple Passive.

3. All the questions have been answered correctly. Present Perfect Passive.

4. This news will be reported in a day. Future Smple Passive.

5. Yesterday I was told the exciting news. Past Simple Passive.

6. New products are being tested now. Past Continuous Passive.

 

Модуль 2

1.* Завершите эти предложения, используя модальный глагол can или can’t и один из смысловых глаголов: find, hear, see, speak

I’m sorry, but we can’t come to your party next Saturday. – Извините, но мы не можем придти на вашу вечеринку в следующую субботу.

1. She got the job because she can speak five languages.

2. You are speaking very quietly. I can’t hear you.

3. Have you seen my bag? I can’t find it.

4. I like this hotel room. You can see the mountains from the window.

 

2.* Завершите эти предложения. Употребите модальные глаголы can’t или couldn’t и один из следующих глаголов: eat, go, see, understand.

I was tired but I couldn’t sleep. – Я устал, но не мог уснуть.

1. She spoke very quickly. I couldn’t understand her.

2. His eyes are not very good. He can’t see very well.

3. I wasn’t hungry. I couldn’t eat my dinner.

4. He couldn’t go to the meeting last week. He was ill.

 

3. Завершите эти предложения, используя модальный глагол must и один из следующих глаголов: buy, help, meet, phone, learn.

We haven’t got any money. We must go to the bank today

1. She’s a very interesting person. You must meet her.

2. I forgot to phone Dave last night. I must phone him today.

3. You must learn to cook. It’s very useful.

4. We must buy some food. We’ve got nothing for dinner.

5. I have a big problem. You must help me.

 

4.* Завершите эти предложения, используя эквиваленты модального глагола must – have to, be to в соответствующем времени

Ann’s eyes are not very good. She has to wear glasses.

1. I can’t meet you next Friday. I have to work.

2. Last night Don suddenly became ill. He had to call for the doctor.

3. I’m sorry I couldn’t come yesterday. I had to work.

4. We couldn’t make coffee ourselves. We had to go to the cafe.

5. You will have to repeat the material of the lectures before the examination.

6. We are to meet at the station at six.

7. She had to buy bread yesterday.

8. We had to send the letter of recommendation by e-mail.

 

5.* Подберите к предложениям из левой колонки перевод из правой колонки. Обратите внимание на употребление модальных глаголов и их эквивалентов. 1. All we have to do is to switch on our radio and television sets. d	a) Клетки организма должны иметь как раз надлежащее количество соли, чтобы функционировать правильно.
2. Press the knob of your radio and you may hear children singing in Moscow. h	b) Они могли бы стать неисчерпаемым источником электрической энергии, если бы не опасность, которую они могли бы нанести окружающей среде.
3. There scientists will be able to study unique ecosystems. a	c) Один язык может меняться по-разному в разных местах.
4. This research cannot be carried out anywhere else. g	d) Все, что нам нужно сделать – это включить радиоприемники и телевизоры.
5. Only men could take part in the Olympic Games. e	e) Только мужчины могли принимать участие в Олимпийских играх.
6. One language may change in different ways in different places. b	f) Эти небольшие зернышки могли выдерживать температуру до 1820˚C.
7. They could become an inexhaustible source of electric power but for the danger they might cause to the environment. c	g) Это исследование не может проводиться где-нибудь еще.
8. These small grains can withstand f	h) Нажмите кнопку вашего радио и вы можете услышать, как поют дети в Москве.

  

Модуль 3

1. Прочитайте и переведите на русский язык следующие словосочетания. Определите в них функцию причастия I по образцу:

a) The student attending all the lectures. – Студент,

посещающий все лекции.

attending – причастие I в функции определения.

The food plant producing meat products. причастие I в функции определения.

The car developing the speed of 80 km. причастие I в функции определения.

The engineer using a new method. причастие I в функции определения.

The workers building a new house. причастие I в функции определения.

The plan containing many details. причастие I в функции определения.

Пищевой комбинат по производству мясных продуктов.

Автомобиль развивает скорость 80 км.

Инженер использует новый метод.

Рабочие строят новый дом.

План, содержащий множество деталей.

b) Using new methods. – Используя новые методы.

using – причастие I в функции обстоятельства.

Using new equipment. причастие I в функции обстоятельства.

Discovering new lands. причастие I в функции обстоятельства.

Moving at high speed. причастие I в функции обстоятельства.

Graduating from the Institute. причастие I в функции обстоятельства.

Producing beverages. причастие I в функции обстоятельства.

Использование нового оборудования.

Открытие новых земель.

Движение на высокой скорости.

Окончание института.

Производство напитков.

2. Прочитайте и переведите на русский язык следующие словосочетания. Определите в них функцию причастия II по образцу:

a) The achieved results. – Достигнутые результаты.

achieved – причастие II в функции определения.

All developed countries. причастие II в функции определения.

Help offered by the teacher. причастие II в функции определения.

The research made in the laboratory. причастие II в функции определения.

The minerals found in our food. причастие II в функции определения.

The land discovered by Columbus. причастие II в функции определения.

Все развитые страны.

Помощь, предлагаемая учителем.

Исследование, проведенное в лаборатории.

Минералы, содержащиеся в нашей пище.

Земля, открытая Колумбом.

b) When burnt, coal … . – При сжигании уголь … .

burnt – причастие II в функции обстоятельства.

When required, the vitamins … . причастие II в функции обстоятельства.

When taken into the body, proteins … . причастие II в функции обстоятельства.

When loaded, the goods … . причастие II в функции обстоятельства.

When published, the book … . причастие II в функции обстоятельства.

When used, the oil … .

При необходимости витамины … .

При попадании в организм белки … .

При загрузке товар … .

После публикации книга … .

При использовании масло … .

3.* Переведите на английский язык слова, данные в скобках.

a) Причастие I в функции определения.

1. The force performing upon the body.

2. The man lifting the box.

3. The foodstuffs containing) fat.

4. A nutrient acting this function.

 

(to act, to lift, to contain, to perform)

b) Причастие I в функции обстоятельства.

1. Making an experiment the students … .

2. Laying the table my mother … .

3. Decomposing the substance the chemist … .

4. Receiving important information the scientist … .

(to make, to lay the table, to decompose, to receive)

4.* Переведите на английский язык слова, данные в скобках.

а) Причастие II в функции определения.

1. Known organic components.

2. Indicated measurements.

3. Frozen вода.

4. Added жидкость.

5. The research conducted in the laboratory.

6. The film shown to the students.

(to know, to indicate, to freeze, to add, to conduct, to show)

b) Причастие II в функции обстоятельства.

1. When sterilized milk … .

2. If properly used the method … .

3. When hold together the materials … .

4. When applied the computers … .

(to sterilize, to use, to hold together, to apply)

5.* Раскройте скобки, поставив причастие в нужную форму. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. While moving in the body food is converted into energy.

2. When used in children’s diet food must be rich in minerals.

3. Alfred Nobel was an excellent linguist, speaking Swedish, Russian, German, French and English.

4. He spent much time improving the packaging system.

5. Only a small amount of all salt produced seasons our food.

6. The reactor is cooled by constantly circulating water.

7. The fuel will be introduced into the reactor in the form of small grains (encapsulate) in ceramic spheres.

8. The farmers give drugs to animals trying to fatten them.

 

6.* Прочитайте предложения, найдите в них причастия I, II и определите их функции.

1. Genetically modified foods are not popular in our country. Причастие II в функции определения.

2. Proteins are composed of several amino acids linked together. Причастие II в функции части глагола-сказуемого.

3. Drinking milk we supply our bodies with calcium. Причастие I в функции обстоятельства.

4. When studying elements Mendeleyev found that they could be divided into nine groups. Причастие I в функции обстоятельства. Причастие II в функции части глагола-сказуемого.

5. Foods prepared in a microwave oven are being tested by lab. assistant. Причастие II в функции определения. Причастие II в функции части глагола-сказуемого.

6. He heard the voices coming through the open window. Причастие I в функции определения.

7. The results received were of great importance for further work. Причастие II в функции определения.

8. When taken into body water performs a special function. Причастие II в функции обстоятельства.

Модуль 4

1. Прочитайте следующие сложные предложения содержащие придаточные: а) дополнительные; b) определительные; c) обстоятельственные условия. Обратите внимание на союзы, с помощью которых они вводятся. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Today we often say that we live in the age of science and technology.

2. Environmentalists fear that miners and oil drillers will come to Antarctica soon.

3. Many people argue that this continent should be turned into a “world park”.

4. In the room where you live there are hundreds of magic waves.

5. We transform them into music that we can hear, and moving pictures that we can see.

6. Antarctica has become a magnet for tourists who come to look at the peaks and the penguins.

7. Antarctica is the only continent that belongs to the whole world.

8. Various faults which endanger the entire system occur nowadays.

9. If we raise the temperature the liquid evaporates.

10. If we could meet the people who spoke English 500 years ago, we probably couldn’t understand them.

11. They will not go out unless the weather is fine.

12. If you are happy with your meal schedule you must keep it.

13. If we had time we should test this product.

14. They could have understood the problem if he had explained it clearly.

1. Сегодня мы часто говорим, что живем в век науки и техники.

2. Экологи опасаются, что вскоре в Антарктиду придут шахтеры и бурильщики.

3. Многие утверждают, что этот континент нужно превратить в «мировой парк».

4. В комнате, где ты живешь, сотни волшебных волн.

5. Мы превращаем их в музыку, которую можем слышать, и движущиеся изображения, которые можем видеть.

6. Антарктида стала магнитом для туристов, которые приезжают посмотреть на пики и пингвинов.

7. Антарктида — единственный континент, принадлежащий всему миру.

8. В настоящее время происходят различные неисправности, которые угрожают всей системе.

9. Если мы повысим температуру, жидкость испарится.

10. Если бы мы могли встретить людей, которые говорили по-английски 500 лет назад, мы, вероятно, не смогли бы их понять.

11. Они не выйдут на улицу, если не будет хорошей погоды.

12. Если вы довольны своим графиком приема пищи, вы должны его соблюдать.

13. Если бы у нас было время, мы бы протестировали этот продукт.

14. Они могли бы понять проблему, если бы он ясно объяснил ее.

2.* Соедините предложения, употребив соответствующие союзы и местоимения.

1. My neighbor who is a doctor has moved to a new flat.

2. Do you remember the day when he started his business?

3. Unfortunately, I can’t remember the person who I have borrowed the pen from.

4. The man who you see at the desk is my secretary.

5. Where is the shop which sells fruits?

6. The apple that you have given to me is very sweet.

7. The shop where we buy our food is closed.

8. Mother said to her son that he must help her about the house.

3.* Закончите предложения, выбрав соответствующий вариант окончания из правой колонки.

1.	Now people recognize G	a) that they can influence health.
2.	Proteins are absolutely necessary D	b) that vitamins help other nutrients to do their jobs in the body.
3.	Sugar and starch are Substances A	c) if the body is to grow.
4.	It is possible to say B	d) which are to be used by everyone.
5.	There is an endless variety of articles I	e) which are able to carry oxygen around the body.
6.	Iron can form the red blood cells F	f) that help your body to stay strong and healthy.
7.	You may know E	g) that all foods are mixtures of substances called nutrients.
8.	Foods can contain different materialsH	h) which can be used as food.
9.	You should learn C	i) how to balance your food intake.

4.* Определите тип придаточного предложения в следующих сложных предложениях, выбрав соответствующий вариант:

а) дополнительное; b) определительное; c) обстоятельственное.

1. If you are happy with your present meals you must follow them. C

2. Anyone who wants to have an active life must stay healthy and strong. B

3. Now scientists know that food is as complex as our own body. A

4. Foods which we eat are often complex substances. B

5. The contribution that a food can make to the body may depend upon its constituents. B

6. Each nutrient is able to perform at least one specific function when it is digested and absorbed in the body. C

7. Carbohydrates and fats which provide energy can be found in flour, cereal, bread and so on. B

8. If a substance is dry water absorption can take place. C

9. This mistake could have been noticed if he had inspected his program. C

10. Where there is a will there is a deed. C