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Vocabulary

We define management as the process of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals working together in groups, accomplish efficiently selected aims. This basic definition needs to be expanded.

1. As managers, people carry out the managerial functions of planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling.
2. Management applies to any kind of organization.
3. It applies to managers at all organizational levels. Management applies to small and large organisations, to profit and not-for-profit enterprises, to manufacturing as well as service industries.

The term «enterprise» refers to business, government agencies, hospitals, universities, and other organizations. Effective managing is the concern of the corporation president, the hospital administrator, the government first line supervisor and the like.

Managers are charged with responsibility of taking actions that will make it possible for individuals to make their best contributions to group objectives.

   The scope of authority held may vary and the types of problems dealt with may be considerably different. But all managers obtain results by establishing an environment for effective group endeavour. Top-level managers spend more time on planning and organising than lower-level managers. Leading takes a great deal of time for first-line supervisors.

In a very real sense, in all kinds of organizations, whether business or nonbusiness, the logical and most desirable aim of all managers should be making a profit — managers must establish an environment in which people can accomplish group goals with the least amount of time, money, materials and personal dissatisfaction¹, or where they can achieve as much as possible of a desired goal with available resources. In a nonbusiness enterprises, such as a police department or hospital, that are not responsible for total business profits, managers still have goals and should strive to accomplish as much as possible with available resources.

Notes to the text

1 with the least amount of time, money, materials and personal dissatisfaction –  наименьшими затратами времени, денег, материалов и максимальным чувством удовлетворения работающих

Exercise 1. Find in the text answers to these questions.

1. How is management defined? We define management as the process of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals working together in groups, accomplish efficiently selected aims.
2. What is the main responsibility of managers? Managers are charged with responsibility of taking actions that will make it possible for individuals to make their best contributions to group objectives.
3. What types of problems do they deal with? The scope of authority held may vary and the types of problems dealt with may be considerably different. But all managers obtain results by establishing an environment for effective group endeavour. Top-level managers spend more time on planning and organising than lower-level managers. Leading takes a great deal of time for first-line supervisors.
4. What is the most desirable aim of all managers? In a very real sense, in all kinds of organizations, whether business or nonbusiness, the logical and most desirable aim of all managers should be making a profit — managers must establish an environment in which people can accomplish group goals with the least amount of time, money, materials and personal dissatisfaction, or where they can achieve as much as possible of a desired goal with available resources.
5. What should they do to achieve this aim? In a very real sense, in all kinds of organizations, whether business or nonbusiness, the logical and most desirable aim of all managers should be making a profit — managers must establish an environment in which people can accomplish group goals with the least amount of time, money, materials and personal dissatisfaction, or where they can achieve as much as possible of a desired goal with available resources.

Exercise 2. Match the words to make phrases from the text.

Exercise 3. Complete the sentences with an appropriate word from the box.  Underline these words. Translate the sentences.

1. Management is the process of designing and maintaining, an environment for effective accomplishing group goals.
2. Managers carry out planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling.
3. Management applies to any kind of organization, it applies to managers at all organizational levels.
4. Managers are charged with responsibility of taking actions that will make it possible for individuals to make their contributions to group objectives.
5. Managers can obtain good results by establishing an environment for effective group endeavor.
6. Top-level managers, and lower-level managers hold different available resources .
7. The logical and most desirable aim of all managers should be a surplus.
8. Managers must establish an environment in which people can accomplish group goals.

1. Управление — это процесс проектирования и поддержки, среда для эффективного достижения целей группы.
2. Менеджеры осуществляют планирование, организацию, подбор персонала, руководство и контроль.
3. Управление относится к любому виду организации, оно относится к менеджерам на всех уровнях организации.
4. Руководители несут ответственность за принятие мер, которые позволят отдельным лицам вносить свой вклад в достижение целей группы.
5. Менеджеры могут получать хорошие результаты, создавая условия для эффективной деятельности группы.
6. Руководители высшего и нижнего уровня располагают различными доступными ресурсами.
7. Логической и наиболее желательной целью всех менеджеров должен быть избыток.
8. Менеджеры должны создать среду, в которой люди могут достигать групповых целей.