Эксперт

Сергей

Задать вопрос

Мы готовы помочь Вам.

The Biography of Mendeleev

Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev (1834-1907) is a brilliant Russian scientist, professor, member of the Academy of Sciences, owner of encyclopedic knowledge in chemistry, physics, geography, economics. His main discovery is the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements.

Childhood and upbringing

Dmitry Ivanovich was born in the family of the director of the Tobolsk gymnasium and the daughter of a landowner, on January 27, 1834. He was the 17^th  son in the family. The future scientist spent part of his life in Siberia, where the Decembrists were serving their exile at the same time. The Mendeleev family was familiar with I. Pushchin, A. M. Muravyov, P. N. Svistunov, M. A. Fonvizin.

The future scientist received his higher education in St. Petersburg, at the Main Pedagogical Institute. His mother did everything for her son to enter this educational institution.

Family and Children

Mendeleev was married twice. The first wife, Fiza Leshcheva, was the stepdaughter of P. Ershov, and the second, Anna Popova, was 26 years younger than the scientist. 7 children were born from two marriages. One of his daughters, Lyubov Mendeleeva, was the wife of the famous Russian poet A. Blok.

Scientific activity

In 1855, Mendeleev graduated from the institute and began teaching. At first he worked at the Simferopol gymnasium, then at the Richelieu Lyceum in Odessa. In 1856 he defended his dissertation and received a master’s degree in chemistry. From 1857 to 1890 he worked at the Imperial St. Petersburg University at the Department of Chemistry.

From 1859 to 1860 he taught and worked in Germany, at the University of Heidelberg, where he met such scientists as R. Bunsen, J. Gibbson.

Since 1872, after receiving the title of professor, he taught at the St. Petersburg Institute of Technology, the Nikolaev Engineering School, as well as at the Institute of Railways. Since 1876, he is a Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences.

Discovery of the Periodic Law

The scientist discovered and formulated one of the fundamental laws of nature — the periodic law of chemical elements. It should be noted that Mendeleev worked on his system from 1869 to 1900 and was never satisfied with his work to the end.

Last years and death

In the last years of his life, Mendeleev did a lot to open the first university in Siberia, founded the Main Chamber of Weights and Measures, promoted the opening of the Polytechnic Institute in Kiev, and created the first Chemical Society in the Russian Empire. The scientist died in 1907, at the age of 72. He was buried in one of the cemeteries of St. Petersburg.