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Коррекция ошибок, связанных с нарушением основных особенностей построения повелительной, повествовательной, вопросительной и восклицательной структур

Не удаляйте само задание, пожалуйста.

После упражнения оставлено место для ваших ответов.

1. Spot the mistake and correct it. In the correct variant underline the words which you have corrected.
2. Who does know the answer?
3. She came yesterday by plane to Moscow.
4. I wonder will he leave on Saturday?
5. I don’t drink neither milk nor yogurt.
6. He doesn’t smoke nor drinks too much.
7. Anybody hardly never is ready for classes.
8. Do you understand German good?
9. Afraid you mice?
10. How clever are you!
11. How nice dress!
12. The time is not left.
13. Do his parents or he speak Spanish fluently?
14. Haven’t you done your homework? – Yes. I’m sorry.
15. I don’t have a lot of homework tonight.
16. I was described all the details.
17. I’ll say you about my house. – Your? Have you a house?
18. I was not listening at that moment. – So I wasn’t.
19. Somebody is nocking at the door, isn’t he?
20. You never miss classes, true?
21. Mum was unlikely she would be late.

Ваши ответы:

1. Who knows the answer?
2. She came by plane to Moscow yesterday.
3. I wonder if he leaves on Saturday?
4. I drink neither milk nor yogurt.
5. He doesn’t smoke ___ drinks too much.
6. Anybody hardly ever is ready for classes.
7. Do you understand German well?
8. Are you afraid of mice?
9. How clever you are!
10. How nice are dress!
11. No time left.
12. Does he or his parents speak Spanish fluently?
13. Have you not done your homework? – Yes. I’m sorry.
14. I haven’t had a lot of homework tonight.
15. I was describing all the details.
16. I’ll say you about my house. – Your? Do you have a house?
17. I was not listening at that moment. – So I was.
18. Somebody is knocking at the door, isn’t he?
19. You never miss classes, do you?
20. Mum was unlikely to be late.
21. Change the rule to make it relevant. Look at the mistake and correct it after reading the rule.
22. She misses classes never.

2. Do you get bad marks often?

3. Send to me a Christmas postcard.

4. She came yesterday by plane to Moscow.

5. There is winter and it is snow everywhere.

Ваши ответы:

1. She never misses classes.
2. Do you often get bad marks?
3. Send me a Christmas postcard.
4. She came by plane to Moscow yesterday.
5. There is winter and snow everywhere.

 (c. Retell these rules in plain Russian – make them comprehensible)

ФАКУЛЬТАТИВНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ. ВЫПОЛНЯЕТСЯ ПО ЖЕЛАНИЮ СЛУШАТЕЛЯ.

Use no more than 2-3 SHORT sentences.

1. The clauses which combine to form sentences are of two kinds: main and subordinate. A subordinate clause can only be part of a sentence when it is dependent on the main clause. This can happen either through the use of a subordinator (a word like as, because, if, since, until, when) or by using a non-tensed verb form to create a non-finite subordinate clause. Examples of main and subordinate clauses:

I’ll call you when I get home. – 1 тип.

Looking at it now, I don’t think it’s such a good idea after all. 2 тип.

2. You use conditional clause to talk about a possible, hypothetic situation and its results. Conditional clauses can begin with “if”. When you are talking about something that is generally true or happens very often, or something that may happen in the future, you use present tenses in the conditional clause. When you talk about something that exists only in your imagination and is contrary to fact, you use past forms in the conditional clause and “would” in the main clause.

If he marries her, they’ll spend all her money very soon.

If I had enough money, I would buy a car.

3. When reporting an order, a request or a piece of advice, we use a “to”-infinitive clause after a reporting verb such as “tell”, “ask” or “advise” and after an object. If a negative order or request is reported, “not” is placed before the infinitive. The word order in reported “if”-clauses and “wh”-clauses is not inverted. You can also use a “that”-clause.

The teacher told me to fetch the books.

They advised me not to buy that car.

I wondered whether my watch was right.

4. Conditions can be expressed at different levels of formality. More formal structures sometimes involve inversion and the omission of conjunctions such as if:

Were you to apply before the 15th of September, you would still be given a preferential discount.

Inversion instead of using if is normally only possible in the case of the verb forms had, should and subjunctive were (i.e. were used for all persons, singular and plural:

Had they not been so uncooperative, I might have forgiven them and not complained.

Should you wish to visit the factory and to inspect the plant, the best time for our management team would be in the early evening.

5. You use “there” followed by a form of “be” and a noun group to introduce new information. You use the impersonal subject “there” with a singular or plural verb, depending on whether the following noun is singular or plural. The impersonal “there” is used to talk about the existence or presence of something or somebody. Existential there constructions are regularly used instead of personal ones when the main idea of the utterance is existence.

There’s work to be done. There’s plenty of bread. There isn’t enough room in here. There’s been a lot of danger.  There was a sofa and two arm-chairs. There seems to have been an accident.

Ваши ответы на факультативное задание:

1. Предложения могут быть главным и придаточным. Придаточное предложение может быть только частью предложения, когда оно зависит от главного предложения. Это происходит либо с помощью подчинительного союза (слово типа as, because, if, since, until, when), либо с помощью формы глагола.
2. Мы используем условное предложение, чтобы говорить о возможной ситуации и ее результатах. Условные предложения могут начинаться со слова «if». Когда вы говорите о чем-то, что обычно случается очень часто, или о том, что может произойти в будущем, вы используете настоящее время в условном предложении. Когда вы говорите о чем-то, что существует только в вашем воображении и противоречит действительности, вы используете прошлые формы в условном предложении и «would» в основном предложении.
3. При приказе, запросе или совете мы используем «to» после глаголов tell, ask, advise и после объекта. Если сообщается об отрицательном заказе или запросе, перед инфинитивом ставится «not». Порядок слов в предложениях «if» и «wh» прямой.
4. Условия могут быть выражены на разных уровнях формальности. Более формальные структуры иногда включают инверсию и пропуск соединений. Обращение вместо использования if обычно возможно только в том случае, если были формы глагола had, should,were
5. Вы используете «there», за которым следует форма «be» и группа существительных для новой информации. Вы используете безличный субъект «there» с глаголом в единственном или множественном числе, в зависимости от того, cтоит ли следующее существительное в единственном или множественном числе. Безличное «there» используется, чтобы говорить о существовании или присутствии чего-то или кого-то. Существующие там конструкции регулярно используются вместо личных, когда основной идеей высказывания является существование.