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Часть 1

1. Vocabulary

1.1 Translate the following words into Ukrainian and learn them:

1. поршень 12. давление 23. шестерня
2. клапан 13. жидкость 24. лопасть
3. сталь 14. Переключать          25. вызвать
4. камера 15. уменьшить 26. длина
5. пружина 16. магнит 27. средний
6. триггер 17. поток 28. колесо
7. передавать 18. рог 29. выдвинуть
8. вал 19. прикрепить 30. повернуть
9. передать 20. провод 31. задействовать
10. поток 21. не допустить 32. собрать
11. напряжение 22. тормоз           33. разобрать

1.2 Match the words with their definitions:

2. Reading

2.1 Read the text and answer the questions:

Trends in the Modern Machine-Building Industry

The scientific and technological progress will continue in engineering along two main headlines. Firstly, it is automation, including the creation of «unmanned» industries. Secondly, raising the reliability and extending the service life of machines. This certainly requires new technology. The machine modules which have only begun to be made on a large scale are well suited for «unmanned» industries. Intense work is being carried out on new robots. What we need is not merely manipulators which can take up a work piece and pass it on, but robots which can identify objects, their position in space, etc. We also need machines that would trace the entire process of machining. Some have been designed and are manufactured. Over the past few years this country has created new automated coal-digging complexes and machine systems, installations for the continuous casting of steel, machines for spindles spinning and shuttle less weaving, machine-tools for electrophysical and electrochemical treatment of metals, unique welding equipment, automatic rotor transfer lines and machinetool modules for flexible industries. New technologies and equipment have been designed for most branches of engineering. In the shortest time possible we are to start producing new generations of machines and equipment, which would allow us to increase productivity several times and to find a way for the application of advanced technologies. Large reserves in extending service life for machines can be found in the process of designing. At present, advanced methods have been evolved for designing machines proceeding from a number of criteria. Automatic design systems allow for an optimizing of the solutions in design and technology when new machines are still in the blueprint stage. A promising reserve in increasing the life of parts is strengthening treatment. In recent years new highly efficient methods have been found. First and foremost of them is the vacuum plasma methods for coating components with hard alloy compounds, such as nitrides and carbides of titanium, tungsten and boron. Methods have been designed for reinforcing machine parts most vulnerable to wear and tear, such as in grain harvesters, to make them last several times longer. Thus, it is not merely numbers engineers and scientists are after, rather it is a matter of major characteristics. In other words, this is a matter of quality, and not of the mere number of new machines, apparatuses and materials.

1. What requires new technology? Firstly, it is automation, including the creation of «unmanned» industries. Secondly, raising the reliability and extending the service life of machines. This certainly requires new technology.
2. What do automatic design systems allow? In the shortest time possible we are to start producing new generations of machines and equipment, which would allow us to increase productivity several times and to find a way for the application of advanced technologies.
3. What would allow us to increase productivity several times? Methods have been designed for reinforcing machine parts most vulnerable to wear and tear, such as in grain harvesters, to make them last several times longer.
4. What can be found in the process of designing? Large reserves in extending service life for machines can be found in the process of designing.
5. What are the recent highly efficient methods? In recent years new highly efficient methods have been found. First and foremost of them is the vacuum plasma methods for coating components with hard alloy compounds, such as nitrides and carbides of titanium, tungsten and boron.

2.2 Are the following statements True (T) or False (F)?

1. Extending service life of machines requires new technology. True.
2. At present, advanced methods have been evolved for designing machines proceeding from one criteria. False.
3. Some have been designed and are produced. True.
4. Large reserves in extending service life for machines can be found in the process of engineering. False.
5. Intense work is not being done out on new robots. False.

3. Writing

3.1 Put the parts in the correct order to make up business letter.

4. Grammar

4.1 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions.

1. There’s such a crowd. You must find your friend among all those people.
2. The sheep go out through a hole in the fence.
3. That man is an idiot. He pushed me into the swimming pool.
4. Michael hurt himself. He fell off his bike.
5. There was a new crowd in the shop waiting for it to open.
6. It’s my holiday next week. I’m going to Italy.

4.2 Fill in the blanks with the Present Simple or Present Continuous form of the verb.

1. More and more people are developing health problems because of air pollution.
2. My new jacket fits me perfectly.
3. The Greens are playing golf with my parents this week.
4. Steward always wears a suit and tie to the office.
5. Adam is explaining to his son how to use the new computer.
6. I don’t feel very well. I think I’ll lie down for a few minutes.

Часть 2

1. Vocabulary

1.1 Translate the following words into Ukrainian and learn them:

1. передний           12. зажигание                 23. вентилятор
2. снять 13. сжатие 24. развернуть
3. заменить 14. ускорение 25. навстречу
4. смазать 15. гравитация 26. шарнир
5. примерно 16. сила 27. усталость
6. катушка 17. высота 28. колебаться
7. ось 18. расстояние 29. подшипник
8. свеча зажигания 19. монтировать 30. редуктор
9. смесь 20. рычаг 31. коленвал
10. горение 21. круглый 32. рама
11. надавить 22. отсоединить 33. регулятор

1.2 Match the words with their definitions:

2. Reading

2.1 Read the text and answer the questions:

Industrial Engineering and Automation

A major advance in twentieth century manufacturing was the development of mass production techniques. Mass production refers to manufacturing processes in which an assembly line, usually a conveyer belt, moves the product to stations where each worker performs a limited number of operations until the product is assembled. In the automobile assembly plant such systems have reached a highly-developed form. A complex system of conveyer belts and chain drives moves car parts to workers who perform the thousands of necessary assembling tasks. Mass production increases efficiency and productivity to a point beyond which the monotony of repeating an operation over and over slows down the workers. Many ways have been tried to increase productivity on assembly lines: some of them are as superficial as piping music into the plant or painting the industrial apparatus in bright colors; others entail giving workers more variety in their tasks and more responsibility for the product. These human factors are important considerations for industrial engineers who must try to balance an efficient system of manufacturing with the complex needs of workers. Another factor for the industrial engineer to consider is whether each manufacturing process can be automated in whole or in part. Automation is a word coined in the 1940s to describe processes by which machines do tasks previously performed by people. The word was new but the idea was not. We know of the advance in the development of steam engines that produced automatic valves. Long before that, during the Middle Ages, windmills had been made to turn by taking advantage of changes in the wind by means of devices that worked automatically. Automation was first applied to industry in continuous-process manufacturing such as refining petroleum, making petrochemicals, and refining steel. A later development was computer-controlled automation of assembly line manufacturing, especially those in which quality control was an important factor.

1. What is a major development in manufacturing in the twentieth century? A major advance in twentieth century manufacturing was the development of mass production techniques.
2. How is mass production often exemplified by the assembly 38 of automobiles? Mass production refers to manufacturing processes in which an assembly line, usually a conveyer belt, moves the product to stations where each worker performs a limited number of operations until the product is assembled.
3. When and why was the word «automation» coined? Automation is a word coined in the 1940s to describe processes by which machines do tasks previously performed by people.
4. To what kinds of industries was automation first applied? Automation was first applied to industry in continuous-process manufacturing such as refining petroleum, making petrochemicals, and refining steel.
5. What was a later development in industrial automation? A later development was computer-controlled automation of assembly line manufacturing, especially those in which quality control was an important factor.

2.2 Are the following statements True (T) or False (F)?

1. In the automobile assembly plant such systems have become highly-developed. True.
2. Mass production increases efficiency and productivity to a point beyond which the monotony of repeating an operation over and over speeds up the workers . True.
3. Automation is a word existed before the 1940s. False.
4. Automation was first used to industry in continuous-process manufacturing such as refining petroleum, making petrochemicals, and refining steel. True.

3. Writing

3.1 Put the parts in the correct order to make up business letter.

4. Grammar

4.1 Complete the sentence with a correct future form.

4.1 Complete the sentence with the Present simple or Present continuous.

1. My dog’s not dangerous. He doesn’t bite.
2. Why are you wearing sunglasses? It is raining.
3. You can turn off the radio. I am not listening to it.
4. I need to go to the bank. I don’t have any money.
5. Be careful! The baby will put that pencil in her mouth.
6. Do you normally cook at weekends? No, we usually eat out.

4.2 Complete the sentences with have to, don’t have to or mustn’t

1. You mustn’t touch those animals. They are dangerous.
2. We have to take two bus to school. It is too far to walk.
3. The concert is free. You don’t have to pay.
4. You don’t have to come if you don’t want to. I can go on my own.
5. You don’t have to be very tall to play football.