Reading
TASK 1. The technology has been developed by the designers to allow mobile phones to be used safely on planes. Read the article about the in-flight mobile phone debate and answer the following questions:
- Why are some people in favour of using mobile phones on the plane? Sometimes being able to make a quick phone call could be extremely handy.
- Why are some people against using mobile phones on the plane? Mobiles can cause a distraction to other travelers who prefer to read, sleep or simply switch off from the problems of the world.
- What possible compromises have been suggested? The cabin crew have control over the system and can decide to de-activate it at night, for example. Other possible compromises have been suggested, for example limiting mobile use to short-haul flights only and allowing «silent» communications only- texts and emails via laptops and hand-held devices.
- Which airline first experimented with in-flight mobile calls? The system, developed by OnAir, was given the green light by the European Aviation Safety Agency in 2007.
- Which airline has launched the service on its planes? Air France became the first airline to test the system on one of its Airbuses in December 2007, and in February 2009 the Irish no-frills airline Ryanair launched its in-flight mobile phone service on 20 aircraft, sharing the revenue from the calls with OnAir.
- Which airline has not yet decided whether to implement the technology? British Airways has not yet decided whether to implement the technology.
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The in-flight mobile phone debate
Is it good to talk at 30,000 feet? Or does the thought of a plane full of mobile phone conversations fill you with horror? The mobile phone debate divides air travelers into two separate camps: those who feel that losing their mobile service is like losing an arm, and those who look forward to the period between take-off and landing because for them it is one of the few remaining occasions in life when they can’t be contacted by the office — or anyone else. Ironically, it’s the anti-chatter camp who have been the most talkative since the news that the technology is now ready to enable travelers to make in-flight calls without affecting the cockpit’s communication and navigation systems. One UK newspaper launched a campaign against in-flight calls, and none of the several hundred readers who posted comments on its website was in favour of them. «No, no, no, no, no!» «I’d rather have smoking than mobiles.» «It’s enough to persuade me not to fly at all». These were just three responses that represented their opinion that mobiles would cause a distraction to other travelers who prefer to read, sleep or simply switch off from the problems of the world. But the angry posts don’t reflect the true picture. People who are against things tend to make more noise than those who accept that certain innovations are inevitable. Two published surveys suggest that four out of five air travelers are in favour of allowing in-flight calls — as long as they can be proved to be safe — and 54 per cent of business travelers think that they’ll use the service. «Who cares?» said management trainer Richard Parsons. «Sometimes being able to make a quick phone call could be extremely handy. And what happened to free speech?»Masayuki Kurihara, an interior designer, said: «We have to keep moving with technology and obviously some people will want to use a mobile even if the calls are expensive. How about a separate compartment for the chatterboxes?» The system, developed by OnAir, was given the green light by the European Aviation Safety Agency in 2007. OnAir’s chief communications officer Graham Lake accepts the public’s concerns. «You probably wouldn’t want to sit next to someone who talked for the whole flight,» he says, «but the cabin crew have control over the system and can decide to de-activate it at night, for example.» Other possible compromises have been suggested, for example limiting mobile use to short-haul flights only and allowing «silent» communications only- texts and emails via laptops and hand-held devices. Air France became the first airline to test the system on one of its Airbuses in December 2007, and in February 2009 the Irish no-frills airline Ryanair launched its in-flight mobile phone service on 20 aircraft, sharing the revenue from the calls with OnAir. British Airways prefers to wait for customer feedback. «If you asked someone on a business flight to Brussels, he’d probably welcome the ability to check that his meeting was still on,» said a spokesman. «But if you asked the same question to the same person on a 12-hour flight to Hong Kong, he might tell you something very different.»
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TASK 2. a Read the article to answer the following questions:
- Which famous football player was paid for endorsing Gillette razors? David Beckham was paid for endorsing Gillette razors.
- Which pop music group endorsed Pretty Polly tights? Sugababes endorsed Pretty Polly tights.
- Which brand was endorsed by the ex-footballer Gary Linekar and singer Charlotte Church? Gary Linekar was endorsed by the ex-footballer Gary Linekar and singer Charlotte Church.
- How much were they paid to appear in advertisements for the brand? lf we’re talking facts and figures, the ex-footballer Gary Linekar was paid £1.5m for a five year contract with Walkers crisps, and the singer Charlotte Church recently became another crisp-crunching high earner, signing a £100,000 contract to star with him. Meanwhile, the celebrity chef Jamie Oliver apparently earns over a million a year from the supermarket chain Sainsburys — not bad for a few adverts a year.
- How much did the celebrity chef Jamie Oliver earn for endorsing the Sainsburys supermarket chain? The celebrity chef Jamie Oliver apparently earns over a million a year from the supermarket chain Sainsburys — not bad for a few adverts a year.
- How much was David Beckham paid for endorsing 12 separate products in one year? David Beckham was paid very much for endorsing 12 separate products in one year.
- Which celebrity model’s behaviour was bad for the image of the brand she represented? Kate Moss’ drug use was nearly a disaster for the brands she was involved in.
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The fame game: why brands want celebrities
There are many benefits for brands that associate themselves with big celebrities; that’s why the future’s bright for stars, says Catherine Quinn. Celebrity endorsement is big business. Whether it’s David Beckham with a Gillette razor, or the Sugababes in Pretty Polly tights, we’ve all got used to associating big names with big brands. For the celebs, the main benefits are obvious. Turn up for a few photo shoots, appear in an advert or two, and bring a truck to transport all the cash home. lf we’re talking facts and figures, the ex-footballer Gary Linekar was paid £1.5m for a five year contract with Walkers crisps, and the singer Charlotte Church recently became another crisp-crunching high earner, signing a £100,000 contract to star with him. Meanwhile, the celebrity chef Jamie Oliver apparently earns over a million a year from the supermarket chain Sainsburys — not bad for a few adverts a year. However, despite the benefits of teaming a famous face to a brand, there are obvious disadvantages -celebrities are only human after all. «There are lots of different aspects to consider, but it is definitely advisable to drop a celebrity from an advertising campaign if they risk damaging the reputation of the brand,» says Stuart Whitwell of brand consultant Intangible Business. «Kate Moss’ drug use was nearly a disaster for the brands she was involved in. And there’s the possibility of celebrities being seen shopping at a rival store, or generally doing things which do not suit their image in relation to the brand.» Stuart also points out that many celebrities have a limited shelf life — in particular sports stars and athletes — and it is these who are, ironically, often favorite for a variety of lucrative endorsement
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b What are the advantages and disadvantages of celebrity endorsement? Read the text again and find:
two benefits for celebrities money fame
three advantages for brands more money big sales good advertisement
three disadvantages for brands a limited shelf life of celebrity people are not robots celebrities can have bad habits
Total: __ / 21
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