(Глаголы, которые сочетаются с существительным LAW (закон)

Obey / Observe

Pass

Uphold / enforce

Act within

Respect

Introduce

Break

 

We must all observe the law at all times. [formal]

People who refuse to obey the law should be punished. [less formal]

A new law has been introduced/passed forbidding the use of mobile phones while driving.

The company acted within the law as regards the rights of its employees. [formal]

It is the job of the police to uphold/enforce the law. [make sure that people obey the law]

 

Noun and verb collocations

Выражения, построенные по модели  «существительное+глагол»

The new law forbids/prohibits smoking in all public places. [the law does not allow]

The rules permit/allow members to bring guests into the club only at weekends.

These rules/regulations apply to all students, not just new ones. [the rules are for]

If we follow the rules, at least 20 people must be present at the meeting. [do what the rules say]

The regulations require/stipulate that all students must register for the course. [formal: the rules say that]

We have to comply with the regulations concerning the testing of equipment. [formal: do what therules say]

I hope we can bend the rules and let her take the exam on another day. [informal: break the rules in away that is not considered important]

 

Punishments

carry out an investigation: Police are carrying out an investigation into a major theft in a factory inWoodvale.

appear in court: The trial starts today but the witnesses will be appearing in court tomorrow.

go on trial: George Arthur Lode, accused of murdering his wife, went on trial today.

reach a verdict: The jury are expected to take several days to reach a verdict.

a fair trial: It now seems impossible that Harold Graves can receive a fair trial, given themedia publicity surrounding his case.

be severely punished: That judge believes that all shoplifters should be severely punished.

pay/face a heavy fine: People who park on double yellow lines face a heavy fine.

face the death penalty: If he is found guilty of murder, he will have to face the death penalty.

act as a deterrent: People often support the death penalty because they say it acts as a deterrent.

suffer the consequences: Anyone who commits a crime has to suffer the consequences.

a harsh penalty/sentence: Some judges are more likely to give harsh sentences than others.

a hard legal battle: After a hard legal battle, she won compensation for the accident.

win a case: You will need a very good lawyer if you are going to have any hope ofwinning your case.

34 Laws and punishments

LAExercises

 

Choose the correct verb from A to fill the gaps in this paragraph. Use each verb once only and put it in the correct form( 1 балл)

Выберите подходящий по смыслу глагол из раздела А (см. выше) и употребите его в правильной форме. Любой глагол можно использовать только 1 раз. Напечатайте получившийся текст и подчеркните вставленные слова.

In law-abiding societies ordinary citizens are usually happy to (1) obey or (2) observe the law. But there are also rather different societies where most people feel that it is not such a serious matter to (3) break the law. In such places, people do not seem to (4) pass the law and even the most honest of citizens does not expect always to (5) act within it. The rulers of such societies have no difficulty in (6) enforcing or (7) upholding new laws but the police have considerable problems when it comes to (8) respect or (9) introduce those laws.

Match the beginning of each sentence on the left with its ending on the right.(1 балл)

Соотнесите начало и конец фразы. Запишите получившиеся предложения и переведите их.

 

1 The rules apply to all students in the college.

2 The rules prohibit the use of mobile phones in class.

3 The rules allow students to book college guestrooms at weekends.

4 The regulations stipulate that coursework must be handed in on time.

5 Most students follow the rules without too many complaints.

6 The authorities bent the rules to allow Mary to submit her coursework a little late..

7 All students must comply with the regulations

1 Правила касаются всех студентов колледжа.

2 Правила запрещают пользоваться мобильными телефонами в классе.

3 Правила позволяют студентам бронировать гостевые номера в колледже на выходные.

4 Согласно правилам, курсовые работы должны сдаваться вовремя.

5 Большинство студентов следуют правилам без особых жалоб.

6 Руководство нарушило правила, позволив Мэри сдать курсовую работу с некоторым опозданием.

7 Все студенты должны соблюдать правила.

 

Put these events in a crime story in order(1 балл)

Расположите события криминальной истории в правильной последовательности. Напечатайте получившуюся историю.

Задайте 4 вопроса к событиям истории. Не забывайте ставить вспомогательный глагол перед подлежащим в вопросе.

e) Bill Sikes robs a bank.

g) The police carry out an investigation.

b) Bill Sikes goes on trial.

a) A number of witnesses appear in court.

f) The jury reaches its verdict.

c) Bill Sikes is found guilty.

d) Bill Sikes is severely punished.

 

ВОПРОСЫ:

Who is severely punished?

What does Bill Sikes rob a bank?

The jury reaches its verdict, doesn’t it?

Does the police carry out an investigation?

 

Answer these questions using one of the collocations from part C.Ответьте на вопросы, используя выражения из раздела «С» (см. выше)

(1 балл)

1 What does every lawyer in a trial hope to do? Every lawyer in a trial hopes to win a case.

2 What does every wrongly accused person who appears in court hope to receive? Every wrongly accused person who appears in court hope to receive a fair trial.

3 What do the police do after a major crime is committed? The police carry out an investigation.

4 What may happen to people in some countries if they are found guilty of a very serious crime like murder or terrorism? They will have to face the death penalty.

5 How might the death penalty help to prevent serious crime? Death penalty helps to prevent serious crime, because other people understand that they can be punished.

6 What does the jury have to do at the end of a trial? He has to reach a verdict.

7 What kind of punishments does a hard-hearted judge give? Some judges are more likely to give harsh sentences than others.

8 What kind of fine might a judge impose if the offence is quite serious? People who park on double yellow lines face a heavy fine.

 

Rewrite each sentence using the word in brackets, so that it keeps the same meaning.(1 балл)

Переформулируйте предложения, используя слова в скобках так, чтобы сохранить первоначальное значение. Напечатайте получившиеся предложения с переводом на русский язык.

1 Everyone must observe these regulations. (COMPLY)

2 All citizens must obey these rules. (APPLY)

3 The jury found the accused guilty. (REACHED)

4 The police are investigating the bank robbery. (INVESTIGATION)

5 Our company would never break the law. (ACTS)

6 The rules prohibit eating and drinking in the classrooms. (ALLOW STUDENTS)

 

We have to comply with the regulations.

These rules must apply to all

The jury reached its verdict.

The police carry out an investigation about the bank robbery.

The company acted within the law.

The rules don’t allow students to drink and eat in the classrooms.

Мы должны соблюдать правила.

Эти правила должны применяться ко всем гражданам.

Жюри вынесло вердикт.

Полиция проводит расследование по ограблению банка.

Компания действовала в рамках закона.

Правила не разрешают студентам пить и есть в классах.