1.Письменно выполните грамматические упражнения

Ex. 32. Проанализируйте употребление модальных глаголов в следующих контекстах:

1. Nick can run long distances. 2. He can speak many foreign languages. 3. You can join our group. 4. I must excuse myself. 5. You mustn’t park the car here. 6. The boy must see a doctor. 7. You may keep my book for a week. 8. Drivers may go at 60 kilometers an hour here. 9. You may stay at your friends’ over the weekend. 10. It may be cold. Take your coat. 11. Jack shouldn’t have laughed at John. 12. John ought to be more careful in the future. 13. You needn’t buy bread. We have some at home. 14. You needn’t have done this. It was useless. 15. I have to take a taxi in order not to be late. 16. We had to wait as the manager was out. 17. Robert is to take his exams next month. 18. We are to meet at5 o’clock.

 

1. Ник может бегать на длинные дистанции. 2. Он умеет говорить на многих иностранных языках. 3. Вы можете присоединиться к нашей группе. 4. Я должен извиниться. 5. Вам нельзя здесь парковать машину. 6. Мальчик должен обратиться к врачу. 7. Ты можешь читать мою книгу в течение недели. 8. Водителям разрешается ездить здесь со скоростью 60 километров в час. 9. Ты можешь остаться у своих друзей на выходные. 10. Возможно, похолодает. Возьми свое пальто. 11. Джеку не следовало смеяться над Джоном. 12. Джону следует быть более осторожным в будущем. 13. Тебе не надо покупать хлеб. У нас есть хлеб дома. 14. Тебе не нужно было это делать. Это было бесполезно. 15. Мне следует взять такси, чтобы не опоздать. 16. Нам пришлось ждать, так как менеджера не было. 17. Роберт должен сдать экзамены в следующем месяце. 18. Мы должны встретиться в 5 часов.

 

Ex. 33. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на модальный глагол must:

1. Her English is very poor, she must study very hard.
2. They must spend more time on their English.
3. You must help her in every way possible.
4. We must learn at least ten new words every day.
5. He must leave at once.
6. The students must do their homework regularly.
7. You must do this important work quickly.

 

1. Ее английский очень слабый, она должна усердно заниматься.
2. Они должны больше времени заниматься английским.
3. Вы должны помочь ей всеми возможными способами.
4. Мы должны учить как минимум десять новых слов каждый день.
5. Он должен уйти сразу.
6. Студенты должны регулярно делать свою домашнюю работу.
7. Ты должен быстро сделать эту важную работу.

 

Ex. 34. Напишите следующие предложения в вопросительной и отрицательной формах:

1. We must tell her this news. 2. He may smoke here. 3. She can speak English perfectly. 4. The students must translate the text at home. 5. We can go to the theatre tonight. 6. We shall be able to help them. 7. They had to wait for a long time 8. His friend couldn’t get this book. 9. You were allowed to take this book home. 10. May I go home now? 11. They were allowed to come at four.

 

1. We mustn’t tell her this news. 2. He may not smoke here. 3. She can’t speak English perfectly. 4. The students mustn’t translate the text at home. 5. We can’t go to the theatre tonight. 6. We shan’t be able to help them. 7. They didn’t have to wait for a long time 8. His friend couldn’t get this book. 9. You weren’t allowed to take this book home. 10. May I not go home now? 11. They weren’t allowed to come at four.

 

 

1. Must we tell her this news? 2. May he smoke here? 3. Can she speak English perfectly? 4. Must the students translate the text at home? 5. Can we go to the theatre tonight? 6. Shall we be able to help them? 7. Did they have to wait for a long time? 8. Could his friend get this book?  9. Were they allowed to take this book home? 10. May I go home now? 11. Were they allowed to come at four?

 

 

Ex. 35. Заполните пропуски модальными глаголами или их эквивалентами:

1. She can play chess well. 2. May I take your pen? 3. May I ask you a question? 4. You must not talk at the lesson. 5. He could not speak English last year. 6. My sister could not play the piano two years ago, but now she can’t. 7. You can get this novel in our library. 8. I have to go to the library today to prepare for my report at the conference. 9. Could you do me a favour?

Ex. 36. Замените в следующих предложениях действительный залог страдательным. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. The audience enjoyed the concert very much.
2. The little boy ate the cake.
3. The teacher corrects our exercises at home.
4. They started a dancing class last week.
5. Everybody will see this film soon.
6. The teacher returned our written work to us.
7. Mr Smith will leave the tickets at the box-office.
8. The students translate texts during the lessons.
9. Mary took that book from the desk.

 

 

1. The concert was enjoyed by the audience very much.
2. The cake was eaten by the little boy.
3. Our exercises are corrected by the teacher at home.
4. A dancing class was started by them last week.
5. This film will be seen by everybody soon.
6. Our written work was returned by the teacher to us.
7. The tickets will be left by Mr Smith at the box-office.
8. Texts are translated by the students during the lessons.
9. That book was taken by Mary from the desk.

 

1. Зрителям очень понравился концерт.
2. Маленький мальчик съел торт.
3. Учитель проверяет наши упражнения дома.
4. Они начали танцевать на прошлой неделе.
5. Скоро все увидят этот фильм.
6. Учитель вернул нам нашу письменную работу.
7. Мистер Смит оставит билеты в театральной кассе.
8. Студенты переводят тексты на уроках.
9. Мэри взяла эту книгу со стола.

 

 

37. x. 37. Замените в следующих предложениях страдательный залог действительным. Переведите предложения на русский язык:
38. The entire city was destroyed by the fire.
39. The lecture was attended by many people.
40. The book will be published in spring.
41. The class is taught by Mr Smith.
42. It was designed by a French engineer.
43. This book is always read by the students of the first course.
44. The letter was left on the table.
45. The house was struck by lightning.
46. The cries of the child were heard by everyone.

 

1. The fire destroyed the entire city.
2. Many people attended the lecture.
3. They will publish the book in spring.
4. Mr Smith teaches the class.
5. A French engineer designed it.
6. The students of the first course always read this book.
7. They left the letter on the table.
8. Lightning stroke the house.
9. Everyone heard the cries of the child.

 

1. Весь город был уничтожен пожаром.
2. Лекцию посетило много людей.
3. Книга будет издана весной.
4. Класс обучает мистер Смитом.
5. Он был разработан французским инженером.
6. Эту книгу всегда читают студенты первого курса.
7. Письмо оставили на столе.
8. Дом был поражен ударом молнии.
9. Крики ребенка услышали все.

 

Ex. 38. Напишите следующие предложения в вопросительной и отрицательной формах:

1. The first prize was won by John.
2. Our exercises are corrected each night by the teacher.
3. The mail is delivered at ten o’clock.
4. The construction of the bridge will be finished this year.
5. The contract will be signed tomorrow.
6. His report was listened to with great interest.
7. The film is much spoken about.
8. All the letters are looked through by the secretary.
9. All these books were published by this publishing house.

 

1. The first prize wasn’t won by John.
2. Our exercises aren’t corrected each night by the teacher.
3. The mail isn’t delivered at ten o’clock.
4. The construction of the bridge won’t be finished this year.
5. The contract won’t be signed tomorrow.
6. His report wasn’t listened to with great interest.
7. The film isn’t much spoken about.
8. All the letters aren’t looked through by the secretary.
9. All these books weren’t published by this publishing house.

 

1. Was the first prize won by John?
2. Are our exercises corrected each night by the teacher?
3. Is the mail delivered at ten o’clock?
4. Will the construction of the bridge be finished this year?
5. Will the contract be signed tomorrow?
6. Was his report listened to with great interest?
7. Is the film much spoken about?
8. Are all the letters looked through by the secretary?
9. Were all these books published by this publishing house?

 

 

Ex. 39. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на Participle I и Participle II:

1. Finished with his breakfast, he remained for some time at the table, looking through the newspapers.
2. Before solving the problem, they had to consult the expert.
3. The leaves touched by the morning sun began to come out.
4. The flowers standing in the vase were brought by the pupils.
5. Writing a letter I heard a knock at the door.
6. I like pictures painted by this artist.
7. When asked about it, she couldn’t give a definite answer.
8. Engineers working at big plants in our country are trained at our institute.

 

1. После завтрака он некоторое время сидел за столом, просматривая газеты.
2. Прежде чем решить проблему, они должны были проконсультироваться с экспертом.
3. Листья, которых коснулось утреннее солнце, начали расти.
4. Цветы, стоящие в вазе, принесли ученики.
5. Когда писал письмо, я услышал стук в дверь.
6. Мне нравятся картины, написанные этим художником.
7. Когда ее спросили об этом, она не смогла дать однозначного ответа.
8. Инженеры, работающие на крупных заводах в нашей стране, проходят обучение в нашем институте.

 

Ex. 40. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на форму глагола придаточных предложений:

1. He said that he had read this book twice.
2. We thought that the results of your work would be better.
3. The boy said that he was only eight years old.
4. I knew that he would refuse to help me.
5. He was sure that I should come in time.
6. She thought that the letter had been written by her friend.
7. They said that it had been raining from five till seven.
8. She said that she could not give me this book because she had promised to give it to her sister.

 

1. Он сказал, что прочитал эту книгу дважды.
2. Мы думали, что результаты вашей работы будут лучше.
3. Мальчик сказал, что ему было всего восемь лет.
4. Я знал, что он откажется мне помочь.
5. Он был уверен, что я должен прийти вовремя.
6. Она подумала, что письмо было написано ее подругой.
7. Они сказали, что дождь шел с пяти до семи часов.
8. Она сказала, что не может дать мне эту книгу, потому что пообещала дать ее своей сестре.

Ex. 41. Поставьте глагол в главном предложении в Past Indefinite и сделайте необходимые преобразования в придаточном предложении:

     He says that he knows them well.

He said that he knew them well.

1. He is sure that she is in Moscow now.
2. He says that she is in Moscow now.
3. He says that the classes begin at 2 o’clock.
4. I think that she is ill.
5. We know that she is ill.

 

1. He was sure that she was in Moscow now.
2. He said that she was in Moscow now.
3. He said that the classes began at 2 o’clock.
4. I thought that she was ill.
5. We knew that she was ill.

 

     He says that she went to the Crimea.

He said that she had gone to the Crimea.

1. I know that he lived in Kiev.
2. He says that they met in Moscow.
3. I am sure that the students were in the library.
4. I hope that they knew about it.
5. I think that they were busy.

 

1. I knew that he had lived in Kiev.
2. He said that they had met in Moscow.
3. I was sure that the students had been in the library.
4. I hoped that they had known about it.
5. I thought that they had been busy.

 

     She says that she will go to the cinema.

She said that she would go to the cinema.

1. They say that they will leave for London.
2. She says that she will buy this coat.
3. We know that we shall discuss this question.
4. We hope that they will help us to do this work.
5. We think that we shall have our holidays in January.

 

1. They said that they would leave for London.
2. She said that she would buy this coat.
3. We knew that we should discuss this question.
4. We hoped that they would help us to do this work.
5. We thought that we should have our holidays in January.

 

2.Переведите диалог письменно с русского на английский.

Dialogues

– Извините, как пройти к ближайшей станции метро?

– Идите прямо, поверните налево у светофора. Напротив вокзала вы увидите станцию метро.

– Спасибо за информацию. Это далеко?

– 10 минут ходьбы.

– Спасибо.

– Не стоит благодарности.

 

— Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest metro station?

— Go straight, turn left at the traffic lights. Opposite the station you will see the metro station.

— Thank you for the information. Is it far?

— It’s 10 minute walk.

— Thank you.

— Do not mention it.

3.Выполните лексические упражнения 1-4

Ex. 1. Answer the questions:

1. When does your working day begin? My working day begins at 7 o’clock.
2. What do you do when you get up? I wash my face and dress.
3. Do you do your morning exercises every day? No, I don’t do my morning exercises every day.
4. Who makes breakfast for you? I make breakfast for me.
5. What time do you leave for the University (for work)? I leave at 8 o’clock.
6. How long does it take you to get there? It takes 15 minutes.
7. How long does it last? It lasts 5 hours.
8. When do you have dinner? I eat in a canteen.
9. Do you usually have dinner at home or at the canteen? I usually have dinner at home.
10. What do you usually have for dinner? I usually have porridge and meat for dinner.
11. Do you have a short rest after dinner? Yes, I have a short rest after dinner.
12. How long does it take you to prepare your homework? It takes two hours.
13. Do you sometimes go to the library to get ready for classes? Yes, I sometimes go to the library to get ready for classes.
14. What do you usually do in the evenings? I watch TV and read books.
15. When do you go to bed? I go to bed at 23 o’clock.

 

Ex. 2. Ask your friend:

1. Когда он встает, завтракает, уходит из дому, возвращается с работы, идет спать, просыпается?
2. Где он делает зарядку, завтракает, обедает, делает уроки?
3. Что он делает утром, днем, вечером, в школе, дома, в библиотеке?

 

1. When do you get up, have your breakfast, leave your house, come back from work, go to bed, wake up?
2. Where do you do your morning exercises, have your breakfast, lunch, do your homework?
3. What do you do in the morning, afternoon, evening, at school, at home, in the library?

Ex. 3. Make up sentences using, underlined words and word-combinations:

1. I usually get upat 7. My mother gets up at 6 o’clock.
2. My working day beginsat eight o’clock. He begins it at 8 o’clock.
3. I have a sandwich with tea for breakfast. I usually have tea with bread for breakfast.
4. My classes last6 hours. My work lasts 8 hours.
5. It takes methree hours to get ready for my lessons. It takes me two hours to do it.
6. I go to bedat 11. I go to bed eary.

 

Ex. 4. Translate into English:

1. Мой рабочий день начинается в 9 часов и длится 7 часов. 2. Он встает в семь, а уходит из дома в восемь. 3. Чтобы не опоздать на работу, мы вышли из дома на 15 минут раньше обычного. 4. Вчера мой брат был болен и не пошел на работу (остался дома). 5. В будние дни у них практически нет свободного времени. 6. Кроме работы в учреждении, ей приходится делать всю работу по дому. 7. Отец обычно обедает в столовой, дети – дома. 8. Я должен торопиться, чтобы не опоздать на автобус. 9. Чтобы не опоздать на поезд, нам пришлось взять такси. 10. Придя с работы, Дина приняла душ и пошла на вечер. 11. Тебе понадобится полчаса, чтобы добраться домой на трамвае. Это долго. Бери такси. 12. Он встал, умылся, оделся, позавтракал, вышел из дома и быстро пошел на остановку.

 

1. My working day begins at 9 o’clock and lasts 7 hours. 2. He gets up at 7 o’clock and leaves home at 8. 3. In order not to be late for work, we left house 15 minutes earlier than usually. 4. Yesterday my brother was ill and did not go to work (stayed at home). 5. On weekdays, they have almost no free time. 6. In addition to work in the institution, she has to do all the housework. 7. My father usually has lunch in the dining room and children have it at home. 8. I have to hurry so as not to miss the bus. 9. In order not to miss the train, we had to take a taxi. 10. Having come from work, Dina took a shower and went to the party. 11. It will take you half an hour to get home by tram. It’s too long. Take a taxi. 12. He got up, washed, dressed, had breakfast, left the house and quickly went to the bus stop.

4.На основе Text I составьте рассказ о своём рабочем дне.

 

Text I

Text 1

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My working day

 

On week-days I usually get up at 7 o’clock. I make my bed, open the window and do my morning exercises. Then I go to the bathroom where I clean my teeth and wash myself. If I have enough time I take a cold and a hot shower. It really wakes me up and makes my body feel well. After bathroom I go back to my room where I dress myself and brush my hair. In 10 minutes I am ready for breakfast. It may be a cup of tea or corn flakes, and very seldom I eat scrambled eggs.

After breakfast I put on my coat, take the bag and go to the University. As I live not far from the University it takes me only five or seven minutes to get there.

I don’t want to be late for the first lesson so I come to the University a few minutes before the bell. I leave my coat in the cloakroom and go upstairs to the classroom.

The lessons begin at eight o’clock in the morning and they are over at half past one in the afternoon. I have six lessons a day with short breaks between them. After classes I go home and have dinner there. I usually have something substantial for dinner, for example, cabbage soup for the first course, hot meat or fish with some vegetables for the second. Then I drink a cup of tea or milk. Sometimes when I have to stay at the University after classes I go to the canteen and have dinner there.

After dinner I have a short rest, read newspapers, make some telephone calls, go to the bakery. I also work at school and in takes me three or even more hours to get ready for my lessons. Sometimes I go to the library to write a report. As a rule I have very little free time on my weekdays. But when I have some spare time I do some work about the house: do the shopping and the cleaning.

Eight o’clock is supper time in our family. We all get together in the kitchen, then go to the sitting-room and watch TV, read books or discuss different problems. Then I go for a walk with my dog. Twice a week I go to the University in the evening to play volleyball. I am a member of the University volleyball team and we have our training rather late.

At about eleven at night I go to bed.

Vocabulary

working day – рабочий день

take a bus (tram, trolleybus) – ехать автобусом (трамваем, троллейбусом)

week-days – будние дни

to go to work – идти на работу

to wake up – просыпаться

to leave for work – уходить на работу

to get up – вставать

to work – работать

to do morning exercises – делать утреннюю зарядку

to have a rest – отдыхать

to make one’s bed – убирать постель

to have a break – иметь перерыв

to take a shower (bath) – принимать душ (ванну)

to make a telephone call – звонить

to wash (oneself) – умываться

to be in a hurry – торопиться

to dress (oneself) – одеваться

to go to bed – ложиться спать

to clean teeth – чистить зубы

to comb (brush) one’s hair – причесываться

 

Ex. 1. Answer the questions:

1. When does your working day begin? My working day begins at 7 o’clock.
2. What do you do when you get up? I make my bed, open the window and do my morning exercises. Then I go to the bathroom where I clean my teeth and wash myself.
3. Do you do your morning exercises every day? I do my morning exercises every day.
4. Who makes breakfast for you? I make my breakfast for me.
5. What time do you leave for the University (for work)? I leave for the University at 8 o’clock.
6. How long does it take you to get there? It takes me 15 minutes.
7. How long does it last? It lasts 8 hours.
8. When do you have dinner? I have dinner at 2 o’clock.
9. Do you usually have dinner at home or at the canteen? I usually have dinner at home.
10. What do you usually have for dinner? I usually have porridge with meat and fruit for dinner.
11. Do you have a short rest after dinner? Yes, I have a short rest after dinner.
12. How long does it take you to prepare your homework? It takes me 2 hours to prepare your homework
13. Do you sometimes go to the library to get ready for classes? I sometimes go to the library to get ready for classes.
14. What do you usually do in the evenings? I watch TV and read books.
15. When do you go to bed? I go to bed at 23 o’clock.

 

Ex. 2. Ask your friend:

1. When do you get up, have your breakfast, leave your house, come back from work, go to bed, wake up?
2. Where do you do your morning exercises, have your breakfast, lunch, do your homework?
3. What do you do in the morning, afternoon, evening, at school, at home, in the library?

Ex. 3. Make up sentences using, underlined words and word-combinations:

1. I usually get upat 7. My mother gets up at 6 o’clock.
2. My working day beginsat eight o’clock. He begins it at 8 o’clock.
3. I have a sandwich with tea for breakfast. I usually have tea with bread for breakfast.
4. My classes last6 hours. My work lasts 8 hours.
5. It takes methree hours to get ready for my lessons. It takes me two hours to do it.
6. I go to bedat 11. I go to bed early.

 

Ex. 4. Translate into English:

1. Мой рабочий день начинается в 9 часов и длится 7 часов. 2. Он встает в семь, а уходит из дома в восемь. 3. Чтобы не опоздать на работу, мы вышли из дома на 15 минут раньше обычного. 4. Вчера мой брат был болен и не пошел на работу (остался дома). 5. В будние дни у них практически нет свободного времени. 6. Кроме работы в учреждении, ей приходится делать всю работу по дому. 7. Отец обычно обедает в столовой, дети – дома. 8. Я должен торопиться, чтобы не опоздать на автобус. 9. Чтобы не опоздать на поезд, нам пришлось взять такси. 10. Придя с работы, Дина приняла душ и пошла на вечер. 11. Тебе понадобится полчаса, чтобы добраться домой на трамвае. Это долго. Бери такси. 12. Он встал, умылся, оделся, позавтракал, вышел из дома и быстро пошел на остановку.

 

1. My working day begins at 9 o’clock and lasts 7 hours. 2. He gets up at 7 o’clock and leaves home at 8. 3. In order not to be late for work, we left house 15 minutes earlier than usually. 4. Yesterday my brother was ill and did not go to work (stayed at home). 5. On weekdays, they have almost no free time. 6. In addition to work in the institution, she has to do all the housework. 7. My father usually has lunch in the dining room and children have it at home. 8. I have to hurry so as not to miss the bus. 9. In order not to miss the train, we had to take a taxi. 10. Having come from work, Dina took a shower and went to the party. 11. It will take you half an hour to get home by tram. It’s too long. Take a taxi. 12. He got up, washed, dressed, had breakfast, left the house and quickly went to the bus stop.

 

Ex. 5. Retell the dialogue in indirect speech:

– What time do you usually get up?

– As a rule at half past six.

– Why so early?

– I live out of town. So I have to take the first morning train if I don’t want to be late for my work.

– When do you get to the office?

– At half past eight if I catch an early train.

 

She asked what time she usually got up.

She answered that as a rule she got up at half past six.

She asked why she got up so early.

She answered that she I lived out of town. She said that she had to take the first morning train if she didn’t want to be late for her work.

She asked when she got to the office.

She answered that she got at half past eight if she cought an early train.