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1. Garrote

A device that choked a person to death. It was used in Spain until 1978 when the death penalty was abolished. This type of execution was on a special chair, a metal hoop was thrown around the neck. Behind the back of the criminal was the executioner, who actuated a large screw, located in the same place at the back. Although the device itself is not legalized in any country, training in its use is still carried out in the French Foreign Legion.

2. Skafism

The name of this torture comes from the Greek «skafium», and means «trough». Skafism was popular in ancient Persia. A victim was placed in a shallow trough and wrapped in chains, watered with milk and honey to cause severe diarrhea, then the body of the victim was smeared with honey, thereby attracting various kinds of living creatures.

3. Half-hanging, drawing and quartering.

The sentenced were tied to a wooden sled, resembling a piece of wicker fence, and dragged by horses to the place of execution, where they were successively hanged (not letting them suffocate to death), castrated, gutted, quartered and beheaded. The remains of the executed were paraded in the most famous public places of the kingdom and the capital, including London Bridge. Women sentenced to death for high treason were burned at the stake for reasons of «public decency».

4. The Russian version of quartering — breaking with trees.

People bent down two trees and tied the executed to the tops and released «to freedom.» The trees unbent an the executed was torn.

5. Climbing on pikes or spears.

It was apontaneous execution. It was carried out by a crowd of armed people. It was usually practiced during all sorts of military riots and other revolutions and civil wars. The victim was surrounded from all sides, spears, pikes or bayonets were stuck into her carcass from all sides, and then synchronously, on command, they were lifted up until she stopped showing signs of life.

6. Keelhauling (passing under the keel)

It was a special naval variant. It was used both as a means of punishment and as a means of execution. The offender was tied with a rope to both hands. After that, he was thrown into the water in front of the ship, and with the help of the indicated ropes, the colleagues pulled the patient along the sides under the bottom, taking it out of the water already from the stern. The keel and bottom of the ship were covered with shells and other marine life a little more than completely, so the victim received numerous bruises, cuts and some water in the lungs. After one iteration, as a rule, they survived. Therefore, for execution, this had to be repeated, 2 or more times.

7. Drowning.

A victim was sewn into a bag alone or with different animals and thrown into the water. It was widespread in the Roman Empire. A monkey, a dog, a rooster or a snake were planted in a bag with a parricide. It was also used in the Middle Ages. An interesting option is to add quicklime to the bag, so that the executed person will also scald before choking.

8. Pouring into the throat of molten metal or boiling oil.

It was used in Russia in the era of Ivan the Terrible, medieval Europe and the Middle East, by some Indian tribes against the Spanish invaders. Death came from a burn of the esophagus and strangulation.

9. Starve or thirst.

It was used by subtle connoisseurs of the process, or those who tried to persuade the stubborn to something. The Japanese version was last used in the Far East in the 1930s: the executed with their hands tied is seated at the table, tied to a chair, and every day they put fresh food and drink in front of him, which they take away after a while. Many went crazy before they died of hunger or thirst.

10. Instillation.

As a method of the death penalty is known in ancient Rome. For example, a Vestal Virgin who broke her vow of virginity was buried alive with a supply of food and water for one day. Many Christian martyrs were executed by being buried alive. In 945, Princess Olga ordered the Drevlyan ambassadors to be buried alive along with their boat. In medieval Italy, unrepentant murderers were buried alive. In the Zaporozhian Sich, the murderer was buried alive in the same coffin as his victim.

A variant of execution is burying a person in the ground up to his neck, dooming him to a slow death from hunger and thirst.

11. With the help of wildlife.

Since ancient times, man has been finding new ways to put our smaller brothers at the service of mankind, and execution is no exception. The application is both the largest and the smallest: the Indians specially train elephants to crush to death, and the Indians launch ants at the enemies. You can put a rat in a pot, tie it to the victim’s stomach, pour burning coals on top and wait until it, escaping from the heat, eats its way out. In Siberia, they liked to leave a scoundrel naked in the taiga to be devoured by a midge capable of drinking all the blood from a person in two days.

12. Defenestration

The same kind of death penalty, unauthorized, occurring spontaneously, without reading the sentence, but in the presence of the crowd. And, yes, the crowd was waiting for it. Victims were thrown out of window openings — onto pavements, into ditches, into the crowd, or onto spears and pikes raised with their points upwards.

13. Burning in a log house.

It is a type of execution that arose in the Russian state in the 16th century, was especially often applied to the Old Believers in the 17^th century, and was used by them as a way of suicide in the 17th-18th centuries.

14. Hanging by the edge.

It is a type of death penalty in which an iron hook was thrust into the side of the victim and hung up. Death came from thirst and blood loss after a few days. The hands of the victim were tied so that he could not free himself. Execution was common among the Zaporizhian Cossacks. According to legend, Dmitry Vishnevetsky, the founder of the Zaporizhzhya Sich, the legendary «Baida Veshnivetsky», was executed in this way.

15. 15. Sicilian Bull

This death penalty device was developed in ancient Greece for the execution of criminals. Perillos, a coppersmith, invented the bull in such a way that the inside of the bull was hollow. A door was mounted on the side of this device. The condemned were closed inside the bull, and a fire was set underneath it, heating the metal until the man was roasted to death. The bull was designed so that the screams of the prisoner would be translated into the roar of an infuriated bull.

16. Welding in liquid

It was a common type of death penalty in different countries of the world. In ancient Egypt, this type of punishment was applied mainly to persons who disobeyed the pharaoh. The slaves of the pharaoh at dawn (made a huge fire, over which there was a cauldron of water (and not just water, but the dirtiest water, where waste was poured, etc.)

17. Devil’s wind

In Russia it is known as «English execution». It is the name of the type of death penalty, which consisted in tying the sentenced to the muzzle of a cannon and then firing from it through the body of the victim with a blank charge.