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ЗАДАНИЕ 1

1. Match the words with the definitions.

1) retail a) a customer, often one that buys a service

2) client b) sales to customers in shops

3) discount c) an amount of money a person or organization has to spend on something

4) commodity d) a lower price than usual

5) invoice e) a company that sells goods to shops and businesses

6) price f) a substance or product that can be traded, bought, or sold

7) supplier g) a document that a supplier gives to a customer, with information about what the customer is buying and how much it costs

8) budget h) how much money something costs

1. Complete each sentence with a word from the box.

macroeconomics supplier research money demand inflation banks investment

1. Investment comes from people who want to spend or invest money.
2. We buy office equipment from a supplier in Wales.
3. Most governments aim to have steady economic growth, to control inflation and to avoid recessions.
4. Demand in technology can make industry more efficient.
5. We did a lot of market research before we designed the new product.
6. Macroeconomics looks at how the domestic economy interacts with the economies of other countries.
7. Paper money first appeared in China.
8. Banks help people transfer money securely.

1. Инвестируют люди, которые хотят тратить или вкладывать деньги.
2. Мы покупаем офисное оборудование у поставщика в Уэльсе.
3. Большинство правительств стремится к устойчивому экономическому росту, контролировать инфляцию и избегать рецессий.
4. Спрос на технологии может сделать отрасль более эффективной.
5. Мы провели много маркетинговых исследований, прежде чем разработали новый продукт.
6. Макроэкономика следит за тем, как внутренняя экономика взаимодействует с экономикой других стран.
7. Бумажные деньги впервые появились в Китае.
8. Банки помогают людям безопасно переводить деньги.

III. Match ( 1-8) with ( a-h) to make sentences

1. People who are self-employed need to keep a close account of their income and expenses
2. You can get nice clothes at bargain prices
3. The Prime Minister regretfully accepted the resignation
4. I would be very careful about getting into any business ventures with Jackson
5. If you continue to spend more money than we are bringing in,
6. The store is going to have a big sale to get rid of
7. He is always working on some new business ventures, but I don’t know
8. So, what do I owe you for the work
9. a) of his Finance Minister.
10. b) you will bankrupt us within a year.
11. c) because he has gone bankrupt a couple of times.
12. d) if he actually makes any money from them or not.
13. e) you’ve done so far?
14. f) for tax purposes.
15. g) some of its surplus stock.
16. h) if you really shop around.

Put the words in the right order.

1. There are too many competitors in this market.
2. Competitive companies must launch new products from time to time.
3. Countries have been trading with each other for thousands of years.
4. Five companies are competing for this contract.
5. Governments get most of their money through taxation.

Choose the correct option a-c to complete the sentences.

1. Experts …….. of the bankruptcy since the company was founded.
2. a) have been warning b) warned c) have warned
3. We already……..the goods when your telegram arrived.
4. a) have shipped b) had shipped c) shipped
5. I ……..your proposal, and I’m quite impressed.
6. a) reviewed b) review c) have reviewed
7. The company ……..in car sales for many years.
8. a) has been dealing b) was dealing c) is dealing
9. By the end of the month I ………this project.
10. a) will finish b) will have finished c) finish
11. I ……..the approval of three committee members before Bob signed off on the project.
12. a) had already gotten b) did already get c) have already gotten

Complete each sentence with a verb in the correct form, — ing or to…

1. Don’t forget …….a letter with your CV.
2. a) to include b) including
3. After hours of negotiating, we managed ……..an agreement.
4. a) reaching b) to reach
5. I have never been very good at……….money.
6. a) saving b) to save
7. We determined ………. the project by the end of the next year.
8. a) finishing b) to finish
9. Don’t accept anything — you must go on ……..for your ideal job.
10. a) looking b) to look
11. The buyers want……. our terms of payment.
12. a) knowing b) to know

VII. Rewrite the sentences in the passive.

1. They sell the gold on international markets. The gold……..on international markets.
2. a) is sold b) sells
3. I have invested my money in real estate. My money …….. in real estate.
4. a) has been invested b) has invested
5. The employees are improving the situation. The situation ………by the employees.
6. a) is improving b) is being improved
7. Henry Ford invented the assembly line. The assembly line …….by Henry Ford.
8. a) is invented b) was invented
9. You can find the order form on the last page of the catalogue. The order form……. on the last page of the catalogue.
10. a) can be found b) can found

VIII. Underline the correct words.

1. If the plan succeeds / will succeed you will make a big profit.
2. What would you do if you will find / found a one hundred dollar note on the sidewalk?
3. We will cancel our order if you don’t deliver / won’t deliver the goods by Friday.

Translate the sentences from English into Russian.

1. Almost every country in the world has its national currency. Some countries share a common currency, for example, the 13 European Union member countries.
2. An exchange rate is the price of a currency. Like any price it is decided by supply and demand in the market.
3. The rate of exchange is the equilibrium between demand for the currency and its supply.
4. A change in the exchange rate of the currency always has an impact on the country’s economy.

1. Почти каждая страна в мире имеет свою национальную валюту. Некоторые страны имеют общую валюту, например, 13 стран-членов Европейского Союза.
2. Обменный курс — это цена валюты. Как и любая цена, она определяется спросом и предложением на рынке.
3. Обменный курс — это равновесие между спросом на валюту и ее предложением.
4. Изменение обменного курса валюты всегда оказывает влияние на экономику страны.

1. A. Read this text

Mergers and Takeovers Merger is the combination of two or more companies into a single corporate entity that often takes on a new name. Mergers enable the companies to share the resources and to increase the level of their strength. In some instances, mergers take place in order to expand the business operations towards a different region.

There are many advantages that the companies gain through mergers such as increase in the sales revenue and market share in the industry, increase in tax efficiency. Further, mergers reduce the cost, increase the profits and increase the shareholder’s value in both merged companies. Takeover or acquisition is a combination in which one firm, the acquirer, purchases and absorbs the operation of another firm , the acquired. Usually in a takeover, a larger company is acquiring a smaller company. The acquisition takes place with the motive of increasing the market share and to increase the level of company performance with the acquired resources to the company . Merger is an integration between two or more firms in order to expand the business operations.

Takeover means the acquiring of a company in order to increase the market share of the business. • Mergers are primarily practiced by the companies to reduce the risk of entering into a new market place. • Takeover is a strategy used to expand the market share of the company and most often large companies acquire small companies. Mergers and takeovers have been a part of the business world for centuries. In today’s dynamic economic environment, companies are often faced with decisions concerning these actions.

Through mergers and acquisitions, a company can develop a competitive advantage and ultimately increase shareholder value.

1. There are many disadvantages that the companies get through mergers.
2. Mergers give the companies the opportunity to share the resources and to increase the level of their strength.
3. Companies are encouraged to takeover other companies by an investment bank.

1. Mark the sentences a) T ( True )