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The Bolshoi Theatre

The majestic building of the Bolshoi Theatre stands in Theatre Square in Moscow’s central quarter, not far from the Kremlin. This is the leading Russian opera house with the best vocalists and choreographers in its company,

The Bolshoi traces its history to 1776 when a standing opera company was organized in Moscow.

On September 7, 1842, M.I. Glinka’s opera “Life for the Tsar” (“Ivan Susanin”), the corner-stone of Russian classical opera music, was for the first time shown at the Bolshoi. At later times operas by Dargomyzhsky, Serov, Tchaikovsky, Borodin, Moussorgsky, Rimsky-Korsakov and Rubinstein were produced here.

At the same time the Bolshoi company staged the best operas and ballets by West European composers — Mozart, Rossini, Weber, Verdi, Gounod, Bizet, Wagner, Delibes, to mention a few.

The artistry of the Bolshoi company grew in their work on the chef-d’œuvres of world art, and their glorious traditions were vividly reflected in the art of the great Russian actors P. Khokhlov, L. Sobinov, A. Nezhdanova, N. Obukhova, F. Shaliapin.

After the October Revolution in 1917 the Bolshoi company continued to play a prominent place in the country’s life as the leading opera and ballet theatre.

Those were difficult times for the artists. In addition to new productions of classical operas many ope¬ras by composers of those times saw their first night at the Bolshoi. In 1936 the theatre produced I.Dzerzhinsky’s opera “And Quiet Flows the Don”, later the opera “Battleship Potyomkin” by O Chishko, “Nikita Vershinin” by D. Kabalevsky, “The Decerbrists” by Y. Shaporin, “War and Peace” and “The Story of a Real Man” by S. Prokofiev, and “The Mother” by T. Khrennikov, to mention a few.

June 14, 1927, is the day of the birth of the Soviet propaganda ballet the “Red Poppy” by R. Gliere, when it was produced at the Bolshoi. But the productions of ballets by Russian composers, such as “The Flames of Paris” and “The Fountain of Bakhchisarai” by B. Asafiev, “Romeo and Juliet” and “Cinderella” by S. Prokofiev were important landmarks in the history of world choreography.
Nowadays the Bolshoi ballet company enjoys well-deserved fame as the world’s finest. This is equally true of its brilliant realistic style of performance and the repertoire.

The fame of the Russian ballet is associated with a number of actors of the Bolshoi — great masters of choreography. The names of Galina Ulanova, Maya Plisetskaya and many others are inscribed in golden letters in the history of bal¬let art. Many young talented dancers have come to the stage to continue the fame of the greatest artists.

Ballet lovers always eagerly look forward to new productions of the Bolshoi, every one of which is a veritable festival of mu¬sical art.

Большой Театр

Величественное здание Большого театра находится на Театральной площади в центре Москвы, недалеко от Кремля. Это ведущий оперный театр России с лучшими вокалистами и хореографами в своей труппе.

История Большого театра начинается в 1776 году, когда в Москве была организована постоянная оперная труппа.

7 сентября 1842 г. М.И. В Большом театре впервые была показана опера Глинки «Жизнь за царя» («Иван Сусанин»), краеугольный камень русской классической оперной музыки. Позднее здесь ставились оперы Даргомыжского, Серова, Чайковского, Бородина, Мусоргского, Римского-Корсакова, Рубинштейна.
В то же время труппа Большого театра поставила лучшие оперы и балеты западноевропейских композиторов — Моцарта, Россини, Вебера, Верди, Гуно, Бизе, Вагнера, Делиба и многих других.

Артистизм труппы Большого вырос в их работе над шедеврами мирового искусства, а их славные традиции нашли яркое отражение в творчестве великих русских актеров П. Хохлова, Л. Собинова, А. Неждановой, Н. Обухова, Ф. Шаляпин.

После Октябрьской революции 1917 года труппа Большого театра продолжала занимать видное место в жизни страны как ведущий театр оперы и балета.

Для художников это были тяжелые времена. Помимо новых постановок классических опер, многие оперы композиторов того времени увидели свою премьеру в Большом театре. В 1936 году театр поставил оперу И. Дзержинского «Тихий Дон», позже оперу «Броненосец Потемкин» О. Чишко, «Никита Вершинин» Д. Кабалевского, «Десербристы» Ю. Шапорина, «Война и мир». »И« История настоящего мужчины »С. Прокофьева,« Мать »Т. Хренникова и многие другие.

14 июня 1927 года — день рождения советского пропагандистского балета Р. Глиэра «Красный мак», поставленного в Большом театре. Но постановки балетов русских композиторов, таких как «Пламя Парижа» и «Бахчисарайский фонтан» Б. Асафьева, «Ромео и Джульетта» и «Золушка» С. Прокофьева, были важными вехами в мировой истории. хореография.
Сегодня балетная труппа Большого театра пользуется заслуженной славой лучшей мировой балетной труппы. Это в равной мере относится и к блестящей реалистичной манере исполнения, и к репертуару.

Слава русского балета связана с рядом артистов Большого театра — великих мастеров хореографии. Имена Галины Улановой, Майи Плисецкой и многих других золотыми буквами вписаны в историю балетного искусства. Многие молодые талантливые танцоры вышли на сцену, чтобы продолжить славу величайших артистов.

Любители балета всегда с нетерпением ждут новых постановок Большого театра, каждая из которых — настоящий праздник музыкального искусства.

Questions
1. Where does the majestic building of the Bolshoi Theatre stand? The majestic building of the Bolshoi Theatre stands in Theatre Square in Moscow’s central quarter, not far from the Kremlin.
2. When a standing opera company was organized in Moscow? The Bolshoi traces its history to 1776 when a standing opera company was organized in Moscow.
3. What classical opera was for the first time shown at the Bolshoi? On September 7, 1842, M.I. Glinka’s opera “Life for the Tsar” (“Ivan Susanin”), the corner-stone of Russian classical opera music, was for the first time shown at the Bolshoi. At later times operas by Dargomyzhsky, Serov, Tchaikovsky, Borodin, Moussorgsky, Rimsky-Korsakov and Rubinstein were produced here.
4. The Bolshoi company staged the best operas and ballets by West European composers —
Mozart, Rossini, Weber, Verdi, Gounod, Bizet, Wagner, Delibes, didn’t it? Yes, it did.
5. Who vividly reflected the glorious traditions in the great Russian art? The artistry of the Bolshoi company grew in their work on the chef-d’œuvres of world art, and their glorious traditions were vividly reflected in the art of the great Russian actors P. Khokhlov, L. Sobinov, A. Nezhdanova, N. Obukhova, F. Shaliapin.
6. Does the Bolshoi ballet company enjoy well-deserved fame as the world’s finest? Yes, it does.

Exercises

1. Переведите на русский язык предложения с атрибутивными словосочетаниями.
1. The steam engine appeared in 1763. 2. Several improved steam road carriages followed it. 3. The 218-mile Saint Lawrence Canal joins the Atlantic with the Great Lakes. 4. People try to explore the ocean bed. 5. New metro lines are being built in Moscow in different parts of the city. 6. The first Berlin porcelain factory was founded in 1752. 7. Civil rights sit-inners sent a telegram demanding negotiations on the economic crisis. 8. The Labour Party conference finished today with great battle on the Government’s wage restraint policy still unresolved. 9. Transport engineering and other trade union delegation carried their objections to the vote.

1. Паровая машина появилась в 1763 году. 2. Затем появились несколько усовершенствованных паровых вагонов. 3. Канал Святого Лаврентия протяженностью 218 миль соединяет Атлантический океан с Великими озерами. 4. Люди пытаются исследовать дно океана. 5. В Москве строятся новые линии метро в разных частях города. 6. Первая берлинская фарфоровая фабрика появилась в 1752 году. 7. Борцы за гражданские права отправили телеграмму с требованием провести переговоры по экономическому кризису. 8. Конференция Лейбористской партии завершилась сегодня серьезной дискуссией по поводу политики правительства по ограничению заработной платы, которая все еще не решена. 9. Делегация транспортного машиностроения и других профсоюзов вынесла свои возражения на голосование.
2. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в Present Perfect, Past Perfect или Future Perfect
1. The woman says that she has bought a new camera. 2. He says that before he leaves he will have seen every show in town. 3. Mother has told John what you said. 4. I have been in this country two years by next January. 5. By the time you arrive, I will have finished reading your book. 6. Peter wanted to know what had happened to his friend. 7. Mary has written me a letter at last. 8. We felt that we had seen the girl somewhere before.

3. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на местоимения one (ones), that (those)
1. The story is less interesting than that I read last month. 2. Mike doesn’t like this film. Let’s watch another one. 3. This task is more difficult than that one. 4. One of the students is absent today. 5. One mustn’t talk at the lessons. 6. There is only one way to do it. 7. My children like to read English books as well as Russian ones. 8. Those present at the meeting were the teachers from our school. 9. The students of the first group study worse than those of the second one. 10. These pictures are more beautiful than those ones.
1. Рассказ менее интересен, чем тот, что я читал в прошлом месяце. 2. Майку не нравится этот фильм. Давай посмотрим еще один. 3. Эта задача сложнее той. 4. Один из учеников сегодня отсутствует. 5. На уроках нельзя разговаривать. 6. Есть только один способ сделать это. 7. Мои дети любят читать не только русские, но и английские книги. 8. На встрече присутствовали учителя нашей школы. 9. Студенты первой группы учатся хуже, чем студенты второй. 10. Эти картинки красивее тех.

4. Сделайте предложения вопросительными, обращая внимание на эквиваленты модального глагола.
1. I am to stay here all the time. 2. He has got to leave us now. 3. They will be able to phone us twice a week 4. You are to report at once. 5. We’ll have to hurry to catch the five thirty train. 6. The jubilee is to be celebrated some time this summer. 7. He had to leave us as the interval was over. 8. Cyclists had to stay at our youth hostels. 9. The girls have to do some shopping. 10. I am to meet mother at the station at six sharp. 11. You have you got to do all the work. 12. I had to walk to the office. 13. You are to stay in bed until you are allowed to get up. 14. He has been able to swim since childhood. 15. She will be сapable of doing this kind of task. 16. The boy will be able to return the book by Friday. 17. They have been able to pass the examination. 18. The old man had to be kept from painting pictures.

1. Are you to stay here all the time? 2. Does he have got to leave us now? 3. Will they be able to phone us twice a week? 4. Are you to report at once? 5.Will you have to hurry to catch the five thirty train? 6. Is the jubilee to be celebrated some time this summer? 7. Did he have to leave us as the interval was over. 8. Did cyclists have to stay at our youth hostels? 9. Do the girls have to do some shopping? 10. Are you to meet mother at the station at six sharp? 11. Do you have got to do all the work? 12. Did you have to walk to the office? 13. Are you to stay in bed until you are allowed to get up? 14. Has he been able to swim since childhood? 15. Will she be сapable of doing this kind of task? 16. Will the boy be able to return the book by Friday? 17. Have they been able to pass the examination? 18. Did the old man have to be kept from painting pictures?

5. Сделайте предложения эмфатическими, употребив усилительную конструкцию It is … that.
1. It is the book that he gave to me. 2. It is my mother that has returned from Moscow I shall tell her the news. 3. It is the Russian scientist Lodygin that invented the electric lamp. 4. It is on the first of September when the new school year begins. 5. It is the gravitation that makes the satellites move round the Earth. 6. It was in 1869 when Mendeleyev published his Periodic Table. 7. It was the Soviet Union that liberated the peoples of Europe from fascism during World War II. 8. It was in April when the equipment was brought to the laboratory. 9. It was yesterday when we discussed the plan of work at the office. 10. It was Yuri Gagarin, a citizen of Russia, who started the era of cosmic flights. 11. It was in the year 1863 30,000 when Londoners used the new and strange way of travel – the Underground. 12. It was on April 26, 1755 when the opening of Moscow University took place. 14. It was Mme. Marie Składowska-Curie, the leading woman-scientist, the greatest woman of her generation, who had become the first person to receive a Nobel Prize twice.

6. Определите место главного предложения и придаточного обстоятельственного предложения условия в следующих сложноподчинённых предложениях. Укажите способ связи между главным и придаточным предложениями, подчеркните союзное слово. Устно переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. We can go camping with you provided we bring our own equipment. 2. Jane won’t go there unless Mark is invited. 3. We can deliver the machine in May provided we receive your order within the next ten days. 4. If the eggs become too war, the chicks will not hatch. 5. We won’t finish our work in time unless we work hard. 6. If I am free tomorrow I shall visit you. 7. You won’t master English unless you work hard. 8. If we start off now, we’ll reach the railway station in time. 9. If he feels well tomorrow he will help us. 10. If you start now, we’ll finish by dinner time.

Способ связи –подчинительная.
7. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в форме герундия.
1. I shall appreciate receiving an invitation from you. 2. Nick insisted on helping her with the report. 3. Mrs. Brown stopped going to her French classes. 4. They are thinking of buying a computer. 5. Do you mind waiting a few minutes in the hall? 6. My little brother enjoys listening to the radio. 7. You shouldn’t risk going out if you have a cold. 8. This job is not worth taking. 9. Sue will enjoy playing with Mrs. Green’s children. 9. He talked without stopping. 10. They have finished repairing our office at last. 11. Have you finished crying? 12. My hand writing is very careless. 13. It looks like snowing. 14. He felt irritation at being disturbed.

8. Вставьте суффиксы –s, –’s, –s’ вместо точек, где необходимо. Объясните их значение.
1. The notion of “good manners” differs from country to country. Множественное число.
2. At 7.00 p.m. the Queen arrives at St. James’ Palace, shakes hands and talks to no fewer than 70 people. Притяжательный падеж. Множественное число.
3. We say “Excuse me” to attract somebody’s attention when we don’t know the person’s name. Притяжательный падеж. Притяжательный падеж.
4. It is difficult to realize that in Shakespeare’s time only a few million people spoke English. Притяжательный падеж.
5. There are race laws in Britain that racial tension is a punishable offence. Множественное число.
6. We should communicate more and learn more about each other’s culture. Притяжательный падеж.
7. It is considered bad manners to smoke in someone’s house without asking a permission.
8. Do you know many Beatle’s songs? Множественное число. Притяжательный падеж.

9. Night’s candles are burnt out, and jocund day stands tiptoe on the misty mountain top. Притяжательный падеж. Множественное число.
10. The Pyramids stand at the edge of the desert, an hour distance from the city. Множественное число.
11. A friend of hers had shown her his review of Browning’s poems. Притяжательный падеж. Множественное число.
12. Jon lighted his father’s and Fleur’s cigarettes. Притяжательный падеж. Притяжательный падеж. Множественное число.