Эксперт

Сергей

Задать вопрос

Мы готовы помочь Вам.

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите.

Economists can tell us the likely results of a sales tax. In addition, as a scientific discipline, economics provides extremely useful analytical tools and frameworks for understanding human behavior in the areas of getting and spending money, which occupies the majority of most people’s waking hours.

Economics deals with fundamental, often life-or-death issues. That is why economics is important. Its challenge lies in its mysteries: We don’t know when the next expansion or recession will come. We don’t know if a federal tax cut will help the economy grow. We don’t know which new technologies should be encouraged and which ones won’t pan out. And, tragically, we don’t know how to overcome poverty, hunger, crime, and other evils rooted in economic reality. But economics is the branch of the social sciences most concerned with these matters, and it is the one that’s well equipped to help us deal with them.

Economics provides a framework for understanding government policies, business developments, and consumer behavior here and abroad. It provides a rich context for making decisions in your business, professional, and financial life. The economy is to business as the ocean is to fish. It is the environment in which business operates. The more you know about this environment, the better you will function as a manager, analyst, and decision-maker.

Экономика может рассказать нам о вероятных результатах налога с продаж. Более того, являясь научной дисциплиной, экономика предоставляет очень полезные аналитические инструменты и способы понимания поведения человека в получении и расходовании денег, что занимает большинство времени людей.

Экономика занимается фундаментальными, часто жизненно важными вопросами. Вот почему экономика важна. Ее проблема заключается в ее загадках: мы не знаем, когда наступит следующее расширение или спад. Мы не знаем, способствует ли снижение федерального налога росту экономики. Мы не знаем, какие новые технологии следует поощрять, а какие нет. И, к сожалению, мы не знаем, как преодолеть бедность, голод, преступность и другие пороки, связанные с экономической реальностью. Но экономика — это отрасль социальных наук, которая больше всего занимается этими вопросами, и у нее есть много инструментов, чтобы помочь нам разобраться в этих вопросах.

Экономика дает основу для понимания государственной политики, развития бизнеса и поведения потребителей в стране и за рубежом. Она дает много для принятия решений в вашей деловой, профессиональной и финансовой жизни. Экономика для бизнеса, а океан для рыбалки. Это среда, в которой существует бизнес. Чем больше вы знаете об этой среде, тем лучше вы будете работать в качестве менеджера, аналитика и лица, принимающего решения.

Задание 2. найдите эквиваленты.

1 to provide goods and services

2 to satisfy people’s wants

3 to determine the type of economic system

4 to rely the central authority

5 to obey on the same tools and methods

6 to evaluate the income

7 to encourage to work hard

1 предоставлять товары и услуги

2, удовлетворять потребности людей

3 определять тип экономической системы

4 полагаться на центральную власть

5 подчиняться тем же инструментам и методам

6 оценить доход

7 поощрять работать усердно

Задание 3. Прочитайте текст и выполните задание к нему.

John Maynard Keynes John Maynard Keynes, 1st Baron Keynes, (5 June 1883 21 April 1946) was a British economist whose ideas, called Keynesian economics, had a major impact on modern economic and political theory as well as on many governments’ fiscal policies. He is particularly remembered for advocating interventionist government policy, by which the government would use fiscal and monetary measures to mitigate the adverse effects of economic recessions, depressions and booms. Economists consider him one of the main founders of modem theoretical macroeconomics. His popular expression «In the very long run, we are all dead» is still quoted.

Keynes enjoyed an elite early education at Eton. He entered King’s College, Cambridge, in 1902, to study mathematics, but his interest in politics led him towards the field of economics, 1909 Keynes was ultimately a successful investor, building up a substantial private fortune. Keynes accepted a lectureship at Cambridge in economics funded personally by Alfred Marshall. Keynes’ career lifted off as an adviser to the British finance department from 1915 — 1919 during World War the 1^st.

His observations appeared in the highly influential book «The Economic Consequences of the Peace» in 1919, followed by «A Revision of the Treaty» in 1922. Keynes published his `Treatise on Probability’ in 1921, a notable contribution to the philosophical and mathematical underpinnings of probability theory. His magnum opus, the «General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money» challenged the economic paradigm, when published in 1936. In this book Keynes put forward a theory based upon the notion of aggregate demand to explain variations in the overall level of economic activity, such as were observed in the Great Depression. The total amount of saving in a society is determined by the total income and thus, the economy could achieve an increase of total saving, even if the interest rates were lowered to increase the expenditures for investment. The book advocated activist economic policy by government to stimulate demand in times of high unemployment, for example by spending on public works. The book is often viewed as the foundation of modern macroeconomics.

Соответствуют ли данные утверждения содержанию текста?

1. John Maynard Keynes is a father of Keynesian economics. TRUE
2. He became rich with the help of Stock Market Crash of 1929. FALSE.
3. His book The Economic Consequences of the Peace was a notable contribution to the philosophical and mathematical underpinnings of probability theory. FALSE.
4. The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money was his magnum opus. TRUE.
5. A Revision of the Treaty is often viewed as the foundation of modern macroeconomics. FALSE.
6. Historians agree that Keynes influenced U.S. president Roosevelt’s New Deal. FALSE.
7. In the House of Lords Keynes sat On the Liberal benches. FALSE.
8. Keynesian economics is a subfield of Microeconomics. FALSE.
9. Keynes was a member of Bloomsbury group. FALSE.
10. He studied at Oxford. FALSE.

Задание 4.

1. d
2. g
3. a
4. h
5. i
6. b
7. e
8. f
9. j

• с

Задание 5.

1. What is your future specialty? My future specialty is economist.
2. Who helped you to choose your career? My mother helped me to choose my career.
3. Where do you study to obtain special knowledge? I study at university to obtain special knowledge.
4. What are your major subjects? My major subjects are Economical Theory, Microeconomics, Macroeconomics, Finance and Credit.
5. Do you have any practical skills in your future profession? Yes, I do. I have practical skills in my future profession. I am working in a bank now.
6. Where do you work (where are you going to work after graduation)? I am going to work in a bank after graduation.

• What will be your responsibility and position after graduation? My responsibilities will be to research and analyze economic issues, to conduct surveys and collect data, to analyze data using mathematical models and statistical techniques, to prepare reports, tables, and charts that present research results, to interpret and forecast market trends.