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З.

1. In my opinion we can’t live without laws.
2. In my opinion people need law in order their life is regulated. We needlaws, because peoplecan fail in their commitments.
3. I am sure that many spheres of life are regulated by law. For example, the law in our country states that we must drive our cars on the right-hand side of a two-way street. If people were allowed to choose at random which side of the street to drive on, driving would be dangerous and chaotic. Laws regulating our business affairs help to ensure that people keep their promises. Laws against criminal conduct help to safeguard our personal property and our lives.
4. In my opinion, people must obey laws.
5. I am sure that many rules of behavior are accepted in the society. People should be polite and respect each other. They mustn’t kill each other.
6. I am keeping an open mind for the moment whether I share the idea that people should look only after themselves and take no care about others.
7. As for me I pay taxes willingly.
8. If I were President I would abolish obligatory homework for children.
9. I believe that laws limit our personal freedom.
10. In my opinion all people must study law at school.
11. I think that laws protect me.
12. If I were a Member of Parliament I would propose to give study 12 years at school.

14.

Governments have many ways of making sure that citizens obey the law. They make the public aware of what the law is and try to encourage social support for law and order. They use police forces to investigate crimes and catch, criminals. They authorize courts to complete the investigation of criminal and civil offencesand to pass sentences to  punish the guilt and deter others. And they make efforts to re-educate and reform people who have broken the law.

The laws of all countries are to be found in written records — legal codes of countries with continental systems, the statutes and case-judgments of common law countries, warning on official forms, end notice in public buildings. Many people do not know where to find these records and do not find it easy to read them. But ignorance of the law is almost never  defence for breaking. Governments usually expect citizens to be aware of the laws which affect their lives. Sometimes this seems very harsh, for example, when the law is very technical. Shopkeepers in England were prosecuted  for selling books on Sunday, although they were allowed to sell magazines. However, there are many laws, such as those prohibiting theft, assault and dangerous driving winch simply reflect social and moral attitudes to everyday behaviour. In such cases a person knows he is breaking the law even if he doesn’t know exactly  which law it is.

У правительств есть много способов убедить, граждан подчиняться закону. Они информируют общественность о том, что такое закон, и стараются поощрять социальную поддержку правопорядка. Они используют полицейские силы для расследования преступлений и ловить, преступников. Они разрешают судам завершить расследование уголовных и гражданских правонарушений и выносить приговоры, чтобы наказать виновных и удержать других. И они прилагают усилия, чтобы перевоспитать людей, нарушивших закон.

Законы всех стран можно найти в письменных документах — юридических кодексах стран с континентальными системами, права статутами  судебными прицидентами  стран общего права, предупреждении об официальных формах, прекращении уведомления в общественных зданиях. Многие люди не знают, где найти эти записи, и им нелегко их прочитать. Но незнание закона не освобождает от ответственности. Правительство обычно ожидают, что граждани будут знать законы, которые влияют на их жизнь. Иногда это кажется очень суровым, например, когда закон очень спецефичны. Владельцы магазинов в Англии были привлечены к ответственности за продажу книг в воскресенье, хотя им разрешалось продавать журналы. Тем не менее, существует множество законов, таких как запрет на кражу, опасное вождение, которые просто отражают социальное и моральное отношение к поведению. В таких случаях человек знает, что он нарушает закон, даже если он точно  знает, что это за закон.

15

1. We live in society where laws are very important.
2. The society is governed by laws.
3. Laws must be obeyed. Rules of morality are important, but people needn’t to obey them.
4. They play an important role in our life because they help people to be polite and friendly.
5. They are designed to control our behavior, because our life should be regulated. If there aren’t any laws, there will chaos.
6. The goals of law is to make our life regulated and to have control over people.
7. People turn to the law when their rights are violated.
8. We need law in order to be protected against violence.

16

The author believes that people must obey laws.

Firstly he author points at the fact that police forces are used to investigate crimes and catch, criminals.

Secondly, the author supposes that the laws of all countries are to be found in written records.

Thirdly, the author thinks that many people do not know where to find these records.

Finally the author concludes that there are many laws, such as those prohibiting theft, assault and dangerous driving winch simply reflect social and moral attitudes to everyday behaviour.