Use to be or to have in the Present Simple Tense:

The metro station is near my house. 2. Mary and Nelly are friends. 3. How many uncles do they have? 4. He has a small cottage. 5. Her baby is in bed. 6. She has bad habits. 7. I have three mistakes in the test. 8. She is busy today. 9. What is his address? 10. It is dark in the room.

Make the following sentences a) negative b) special questions:

a) He can not speak English,

b) What language can he speak?

a) I am not late,

b) Why are you late?

a) She does not feel well.

b) How do you feel?

a) They do not keep money in their pockets.

b) Where do they keep their money?

a) He is not writing a letter.

b) Whom is he writing a letter?

3.Choose the necessary form:

Roberta has been living next door for a long time but she had never greeted me.

We were enjoying the film, when suddenly the electricity went off.

It’s time to do your homework. You have been watching the TV set since morning,

John telephoned yesterday and left the message.

 

Open brackets using the Present Simple, Past. Simple, Future Simple, Present Progressive, Past Progressive:

His parents lives in Moscow and he visits them every month.

Does he like this writer’s books?

Yesterday I went to a library. I wanted a dictionary, but the library was closed. I came home lately.

When Nick rang up yesterday, I was helping mother.

Who helped you to prepare for last exams? My sister …. She was helping me the whole year.

He will not come at 2 o’clock tomorrow, he will be busy.

He lays the books on the table, switches off the light, comes out.

If I ring up to my friend tonight, he will sleep.

 

State the form of the Passive Voice and translate the sentences into Russian:

 

A new topical article is being written by her for the newspaper.

Новая статья пишется ею для газеты.

All the advertisements were looked through very attentively.

Все объявления были просмотрены очень внимательно.

All the exams will have been passed by them by the beginning of July.

К началу июля все экзамены будут сданы.

He was a brilliant speaker, and, whenever he spoke, he was listened to by the audience         with great attention.

Он был блестящим оратором, когда бы он ни говорил, он был выслушан аудиторией с большим вниманием.

No doubt the successful debut of the young actress will be talked much about.

Нет сомнений, что об успешном дебюте молодой актрисы будут много говорить.

She heard footsteps; she thought she was being followed.

Она услышала шаги, она решила что за ней следят.

The translation of the article had been finished by 5 o’clock yesterday.

Перевод статьи был готов вчера к пяти часам

This cup has just been broken by my little brother.

Только что чашка была разбита моим младшим братом.

 

Образуйте от следующих существительных прилагательные с помощью суффиксов – able, —ible, —al, —ic, —ful, —ive, —ist, —ous. Дайте перевод полученных дериватов на русский язык:

 

Model: response – responsible ответственный

nationality – national национальный

admission – admissible допустимый

pay – payable платежеспособный

miracle – miraculous чудотворный

advice – advisable целесообразный

peace – peaceful мирный

care – careful осторожный

 

Часть 2

How to Become a Lawyer

Read and translate the text.

Range of work. Even lawyers with the same qualifications and professional title may be doing very different kinds of work. Most towns in the United States, for example, have small firms of attorneys who are in daily contact with ordinary people, giving advice and acting on matters such, as consumer affairs, traffic accident disputes and contracts for the sale of land.

Some may also prepare defenses for clients accused of crimes. However, in both the United States and other industrialized countries, lawyers are becoming more and more specialized. Working in small firms, lawyers now tend to restrict themselves to certain kinds of work, and lawyers working in large law firms or employed in the law department of a large commercial enterprise work on highly specific areas of law. One lawyer may be employed by a mining company just to prepare contracts for the supply of coal. Another may work for a newspaper advising the editors on libel matters. Another may be part of a Wall Street firm of over a hundred lawyers who specialize in advising stockbro­kers on share transactions.

Entering the profession. Mow does someone become a lawyer? As with doctors and other professionals enjoying a high level of trust because of the specialized knowledge, lawyers have subjects to standardized examination and other controls to regulate their competence. In some countries in order to practice as a lawyer it is necessary to get a university degree in law. However, in others, a degree may be insufficient, professional examinations must be passed. In Britain, it is not in fact necessary to have a degree, although nowadays most people entering the profession do. The main requirement is to have passed the Bar Final examination (for barristers) or the Law Society Final examination (for solicitor). Someone with a university degree in a subject other than law needs first to take a preparatory course, Someone without a degree at all may also prepare for the final examination, but this will take several years.

In most countries, lawyers will tell you that the time they spent studying for their law finals was one of the worst periods of their life! This is because an enormous number of procedural rules covering a wide area of law must be memorized. In Japan, where there are relatively few lawyers, the examinations are supposed to be particularly hard: less than 5 percent of candidates pass. Even after passing the examination, though, a lawyer is not necessarily qualified. A solicitor in England, for example, must then spend two years as an articled clerk, during which time his work is closely supervised by an experienced lawyer, and he must take further courses. A barrister must spend a similar year as a pupil.

Answer the following questions in a written form:

Do lawyers with the same qualifications and professional title do very different kinds of work?

What do you know about the work of attorneys of small firms in the United States?

Why are lawyers becoming more and more specialized?

What kinds of work may a lawyer specialize in?

Is it necessary to get a university degree in law in order to practice as a lawyer?

Why must a lawyer who has got a university degree in law pass the professional exams?

What is the main requirement for people entering the profession in Great Britain?

Is it easy to prepare for the final examination?

Why do lawyers in most countries say that the time they spent studying for their law finals was one of the worst periods of their life?

Prove that in Japan the examinations are supposed to be particularly hard?

Is a lawyer qualified after passing the examination?

 

2.1.Answer:

They are in daily contact with ordinary people, giving advice and acting on matters such, as consumer affairs, traffic accident disputes and contracts for the sale of land.

Working in small firms, lawyers now tend to restrict themselves to certain kinds of work,

Lawyers working in large law firms or employed in the law department of a large commercial enterprise work on highly specific areas of law.

For example with doctors and other professionals enjoying a high level of trust.

In some countries in order to practice as a lawyer it is necessary to get a university degree in law. However, in others, a degree may be insufficient, professional examinations must be passed.

Lawyer must pass the professional exams, because degree may be insufficient, professional examinations must be passed.

The main requirement is to have passed the Bar Final examination (for barristers) or the Law Society Final examination (for solicitor).

No, it isn’t.

This is because an enormous number of procedural rules covering a wide area of law must be memorized.

In Japan, where there are relatively few lawyers, the examinations are supposed to be particularly hard: less than 5 percent of candidates pass.

A lawyer is not necessarily qualified.

 

 

Give the English equivalents to the following:

Юристы одной и той же квалификации — lawyers with the same qualification;

споры по дорожным происшествиям — disputes over road accidents;

контакты по продаже земли — contacts for the sale of land;

защита клиента, обвиняемого в преступлении – protecting clients accused of crime;

узкопрофильный специалист — narrow specialist;

быть понятым — to be understood;

субъект для обычного (стандартного) экзамена — the subject for normal (standard) exam;

большое количество процедурных правил — a large number of procedural rules;

менее 5% кандидатов сдают (выдерживают) экзамен — less than 5% of candidates pass (survive) the examination;

работа контролируется опытным юристом — work is controlled by an experienced lawyer;

допол­нительные учебные курсы — additional training courses;